21st Panzer Division in North Africa

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The passage provides details about the history and organization of the 21st Panzer Division which fought in North Africa as part of the Deutsches Afrikakorps. It describes the division's engagements and development over time.

During the Gazala battles, the 21st Panzer Division fought against units from the British 8th Army including the 1st Armoured Division equipped with Crusaders and Grants, as well as the 150th Infantry Brigade supported by Matilda and Valentine tanks.

In May 1942, the 21st Panzer Division was organized with a division headquarters, 5th Panzer Regiment, 104th Motorized Infantry Regiment, 39th Anti-tank Battalion, 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion, 200th Pioneer Battalion, and 155th Artillery Regiment, as described on page 2.

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21ST PANZER DIVISION IN NORTH AFRICA


The 21st Panzer Division symbolizes the Deutsches Afrikakorps (DAK). Elements of the division, originally known as the 5th Light Division, were among the first German units to arrive in North Africa early in 1941. They fought against the British 8th Army throughout the year before being reorganized as the 21st Panzer Division in time for the Crusader battles in November and December 1941. The division was unable to prevent the relief of Tobruk during these battles but did manage to help cover the DAK's withdrawal to El Agheila. The division was refitted in early 1942, including receiving a number of long-barreled PzIIIJ tanks. A year of desert fighting had reinforced the need for all-around anti-tank capability, so the division reorganized its infantry so that every Schutzen company had a detachment of heavy weapons (80mm mortars and MG42s) and anti-tank guns (towed 50mm Pak38s). Three years of combat had allowed the German Panzer Division to develop into a capable allarms fighting force, with regiments of panzers, motorized infantry and artillery along with engineer, reconnaissance, anti-aircraft, and support elements. The 21st Panzer Division entered 1942 at the height of its effectiveness, organized as shown in the table in this article. The division had more than 100 tanks in the 5th Panzer Regiment at the beginning of the Gazala battles. Along with the rest of the DAK, 21st Panzer forced 8th Army back, recaptured Tobruk and drove to the Egyptian border. By the time the division got to El Alamein, it was down to less than 25 tanks. 21st Panzer fought on through Tunisia, receiving additional replacement vehicles, including more long-barreled Pz IIIs as well as PzIV F2s. Their last notable action in the desert was at Kasserine Pass against the Americans.
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The division surrendered to the allies in May Valentine infantry tanks. Finally, the division 1943. It never again regained the strength it had took part in the pursuit to El Alamein, harrying the remaining 8th Army armour all the way to at Gazala. the Egyptian border. In July 1943, the division was re-formed in France, again under the command of Erwin Rommel, but with a completely different organization. During the Gazala battles, the division was engaged against a variety of units from 8th Army. In the opening hours of Rommel's offensive, 5th Panzer Regiment led that advance against armored brigades from British 1st Armoured Division that were equipped with a mixture of Crusaders and Grants, supported by 2 and 6-pound AT portees and 25-pound artillery. 21st Panzer was also heavily engaged in the "Cauldron" against the British 150th Infantry Brigade supported by Matilda and Article and miniatures by John Drye

21. Panzer Division Organization: May 1942 Western Desert

Panzer regiment HQ plus two tank companies including PzIIs, PzIIIs, and PzIVs protected by self-propelled 20mm from the AA battalion.

Division Headquarters HQ Squadron: Recon Platoon: 5. Panzer Regiment Regimental HQ: Recon Platoon: Maintenance Company: I Panzer Abteilung Headquarters: Light Company: Light Company: Light Company: Medium Company:

1 x HQ Staff Car, 1 x Radio Truck 1 x Recon Pz II

1 x HQ Pz III, 1 x Radio Sdkfz 251/3 1 x Recon Pz II 1 x Sdkfz 9/1 ARV 1 x HQ Pz III H, 1 x Recon Pz II 2 x Pz IIIH, 1 x Pz IIIJ J (l) 2 x Pz IIIH, 1 x Pz IIIJ J (l) 3 x Pz IIIH 2 x Pz IV F1, 1 x Pz II

The recon battalion includes a variety of 4-wheeled and 8-wheeled armored cars.

II Panzer Abteilung Headquarters: Light Company: Light Company: Light Company: Medium Company: 104. Schtzen Regiment (mot.) Regimental HQ: Infantry Gun Battery: I Schtzen Abteilung Headquarters: 4 Company (each): II Schtzen Abteilung (same as I Abteilung) III Schtzen Abteilung (same as I Abteilung)

1 x HQ Pz III H, 1 x Recon Pz II 2 x Pz IIIH, 1 x Pz IIIJ J (l) 3 x Pz IIIH 3 x Pz IIIH 2 x Pz IV F1, 1 x Pz II

1 x HQ Staff Car, 1 x Radio Truck 1 x sIG 33 Infantry Gun / Tractor

1 x Infantry HQ / Kubelwagen 2 x Infantry / Truck, 1 x Infantry Support / Truck, 1 x Pak 38 / Truck

39. Panzerjger Abteilung (mot.) Headquarters: 1 x Infantry HQ / Kubelwagen 3 Battery (each): 1 x Pak 38 / Tractor 3. Panzeraufklarungs Abteilung Headquarters Motorcycle Company: Armored Car Company: Heavy Company: 200. Pionier Bataillon (mot.): HQ: 3 x Company (ea): 155. Artillerie Regiment (mot.): Regimental HQ: I. Leichte Abteilung 3 x Battery (ea): II. Leichte Abteilung (same as I Abteilung)

Two companies of the Schutzen Regiment, each including rifles, MMGs, and 50mm AT guns make for a powerful all-around force.

1 x Infantry HQ / Kubelwagen, 1 x 233 Armored Car 2 x Infantry / Motorcycle, 1 x Infantry Support / Motorcycle 1 x Sdkfz 223, 2 x Sdkfz 222, 1 x Sdkfz 231 1 x Engineer / 251, 1 x 75 IG / Truck, 1 x Pak 38 / Tractor

1 x Infantry HQ / Kubelwagen 3 x Engineer / Truck

1 x HQ Staff Car

1 x 105mm FH18 Howitzer / 1 Tractor

III. Schwere Abteilung: 1 x Battery: 2 x Battery (each):

1 x 105 105mm FK18 Gun / Tractor 1 x 50mm sFH18 Howitzer / Tractor

I. /18. Luftwaffe Flak Regiment (mot.) (attached): 3 x Battery (each): 1 x 88mm Flak / Tractor, 2 x 20mm Flak / Truck 617. Heer Fla Abteilung (attached): 1 x Heavy Battery: 1 x Sdkfz 7/1 2 x Light Battery (each): 2 x Sdkfz 10/4

The divisions anti-tank battalion provides a powerful backstop to counter 8th Army armor.

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