Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 218 views

    Experiment 7: Saponification Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate: Group D

    Uploaded by

    Ilya Kryzhanovsky
    This experiment studied the saponification kinetics of ethyl acetate. Various concentrations of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were reacted and the rates of sodium hydroxide consumption were measured over time. The initial rates were used to determine the rate equation, which followed the form rate = k[NaOH]^x[EtAc]^y. Testing this rate equation at different concentrations validated it. The highest sodium hydroxide conversion of 99.97% was achieved with 0.025 M NaOH and 0.3 M ethyl acetate. Sources of error and suggestions for improvement were also discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Experiment 7: Saponification Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate: Group D

    Uploaded by

    Ilya Kryzhanovsky
    218 views15 pages
    This experiment studied the saponification kinetics of ethyl acetate. Various concentrations of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were reacted and the rates of sodium hydroxide consumption were measured over time. The initial rates were used to determine the rate equation, which followed the form rate = k[NaOH]^x[EtAc]^y. Testing this rate equation at different concentrations validated it. The highest sodium hydroxide conversion of 99.97% was achieved with 0.025 M NaOH and 0.3 M ethyl acetate. Sources of error and suggestions for improvement were also discussed.

    Original Title

    Experiment 7 (1).pptx

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This experiment studied the saponification kinetics of ethyl acetate. Various concentrations of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were reacted and the rates of sodium hydroxide consumption were measured over time. The initial rates were used to determine the rate equation, which followed the form rate = k[NaOH]^x[EtAc]^y. Testing this rate equation at different concentrations validated it. The highest sodium hydroxide conversion of 99.97% was achieved with 0.025 M NaOH and 0.3 M ethyl acetate. Sources of error and suggestions for improvement were also discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    218 views15 pages

    Experiment 7: Saponification Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate: Group D

    Uploaded by

    Ilya Kryzhanovsky
    This experiment studied the saponification kinetics of ethyl acetate. Various concentrations of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were reacted and the rates of sodium hydroxide consumption were measured over time. The initial rates were used to determine the rate equation, which followed the form rate = k[NaOH]^x[EtAc]^y. Testing this rate equation at different concentrations validated it. The highest sodium hydroxide conversion of 99.97% was achieved with 0.025 M NaOH and 0.3 M ethyl acetate. Sources of error and suggestions for improvement were also discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Experiment 7: Saponification Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate

    Group D

    Objectives
    Determine kinetics of saponification of ethyl acetate via initial slope method Calculate conversion of sodium hydroxide
    3 2 2 5 + 2 5 + 3 2

    Citation: [1]

    Saponification
    Normally converts an ester to a soap Strong bases can be used to break ester linkage

    OH- Na+ Ethyl Acetate Citation: [1], [3], [4]

    Sodium Hydroxide

    Reaction Rates
    Homogeneous reaction rates 1 = ( ) For consumption of sodium hydroxide in saponification reaction = 3225

    Through experimentation find k, x, and y Not an elementary reaction


    Citation: [2]

    Experimental Methods
    Combine sodium hydroxide with ethyl acetate and water for reaction mixture Track NaOH consumption with conductivity meter Conductivity of solution
    = 0.195 1 + 0.0184 294

    32

    = + 32 = 0.195 1 + 0.0184 294 = 0.070 1 + 0.0284 294

    + 0.070 1 + 0.0284 294

    32

    0,

    Experimental Methods
    Two different sets of experiments to determine effect of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate
    Table 1 Amount of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate added for each trial.
    Experiment Aa Ab Ac Ba Bb Bc NaOH (M) EtAc (M) 0.1 0.05 0.025 0.1 0.05 0.025 NaOH (mL)
    0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 8 4 2 8 4 2

    EtAc (mL)
    16 16 16 48 48 48

    Water (mL) 56 60 62 24 28 30

    Ran three trials of each experiment

    Experimental Methods
    Calibrated conductivity probe each day Began by mixing sodium hydroxide and water Added ethyl acetate, and let stir until conductivity leveled
    Conductivity

    Time

    Results: Initial Rates


    0.12 Concentration of NaOH (mol/L) Concentration of NaOH (mol/L) 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 0 100 200 300 400 Time (s) 500 600 700 800 0.1100 0.1080 0.1060 0.1040 0.1020 0.1000 0.0980 0.0960 0 10 20 Time (s) 30 40 50 y = -0.001x + 0.1445 R = 0.9871

    Experiment Aa1: Concentration of NaOH vs. Time with Initial Rate

    Experiment Aa1: Initial Rate Derivation

    Calculate approximate initial reaction rate by taking a linear regression of the first 20 data points Use the ratios of initial rates and initial concentrations to find the exponents of the rate equation Use the initial rates, concentrations, and exponents to find the rate constant

    Results: Rate Equation


    Check the validity of our rate equation by plotting it against the experimental reaction rate Checking it at only one set of concentrations wont be enough
    0.0025

    0.0020

    0.0015 Rate (mol/L s)

    0.0010

    0.0005

    0.0000 0.0000 -0.0005

    0.0100

    0.0200

    0.0300

    0.0400

    0.0500

    0.0600

    Concentration of NaOH (mol/L)

    Experiment Bb1: Reaction Rate of NaOH vs. Concentration of NaOH

    [NaOH]
    0.0040 0.0035 0.0030 0.0025

    [EtAc] = 0.3 M
    0.004 0.0035 0.003 0.0025 0.002 0.0015 0.001 0.0005 0 0.0200 0.0400 0.0600 0.0800 0.1000 0.1200 -0.0005 0 0.0025 0.0020 0.0015 0.0010 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0005 0.0010 0.0008 0.0006 0.0004 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0002

    [EtAc] = 0.1 M

    0.100 M

    0.0020 0.0015 0.0010 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0005 0.0025 0.0020 0.0015

    0.02

    0.04

    0.06

    0.08

    0.1

    0.12

    0.050 M

    0.0010 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0005 0.001 0.0008 0.0006

    0.0100

    0.0200

    0.0300

    0.0400

    0.0500

    0.0600

    0.0100

    0.0200

    0.0300

    0.0400

    0.0500

    0.0600

    0.025 M

    0.0004 0.0002 0

    0
    -0.0002

    0.005

    0.01

    0.015

    0.02

    0.0050

    0.0100

    0.0150

    0.0200

    0.0250

    Results: Conversion
    100.05% Conversion of NaOH (%) Conversion of NaOH (%) 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 100.00% 99.95% 99.90% 99.85% 99.80% Initial Concentration of NaOH (mol/L) 100.05% 100.00% 99.95% 99.90% 99.85% 99.80% 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 Initial Concentration of NaOH (mol/L)

    Experiments Aa, Ab, and Ac: Conversion of NaOH vs. Concentration of NaOH

    Experiments Ba, Bb, and Bc: Conversion of NaOH vs. Concentration of NaOH

    According to Le Chatelier's principle, we expect the excess EtAc in experiments Ab, Ac, Bb, and Bc to drive the equilibrium towards higher conversion We only see this trend in experiments Aa, Ab, and Ac (on left), but the differences between conversions are not significant

    Discussion Results
    Addition of Sodium Hydroxide and Ethyl Acetate at different concentrations
    Determine the conversion of NaOH Determine the rate equation

    Found the rate equation with confidence intervals to be :

    Discussion Error and Suggestions


    Software would stop after a period of time
    Hit Ctrl + T to extend the time so that it doesnt stop during your run If it stops suggest to repeat that part of the experiment

    Contamination in water
    Wash out mixing beaker each experiment and use clean DI water to wash off the probes each time

    Calibration of probes
    Make sure to calibrate each lab period

    Reach Steady-State
    Allow experiment to run to completion do not stop when it starts to level out but let it run its course

    Conclusion
    This experiment allowed us to understand the importance of saponification and how to apply the same principles in industry Best conversion of NaOH with the confidence interval 99.97% +/- 0.07% was observed in part Bc. In this experiment we we used 2 (mL) NaOH (0.025M), 48 (mL) EtAc (0.3M), and 30 (mL) Water.

    References
    1. Angelopoulos, A. P. Saponification Kinetics of Ethyl Acetate. Rep. Cincinnati: University of Cincinnati, 2013. Print. Levenspiel, O. (1972). Chemical Reactoin Engineering: Second Edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons, INC. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Ethyl_acetate2.p ng http://www.colby.edu/chemistry/PChem/lab/KineticsEster.pdf

    2. 3. 4.

    You might also like