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    LIM

    Uploaded by

    Sairam Sirasapalli
    Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

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    LIM

    Uploaded by

    Sairam Sirasapalli
    53 views18 pages
    Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

    Original Description:

    linear induction motor

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    Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    53 views18 pages

    LIM

    Uploaded by

    Sairam Sirasapalli
    Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Linear Motors

    What are linear motors?


    Linear motors are electric induction motors that
    produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational
    motion.
    In a traditional electric motor, the rotor (rotating part)
    spins inside the stator (static part)
    In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid out
    flat and the "rotor" moves past it in a straight line.

    Basics of Linear Motors


    Analogous to Unrolled DC Motor

    Force (F) is generated


    when the current (I)
    (along vector L) and
    the flux density (B)
    interact
    F = LI x B
    I

    Linear Motors in Action

    http://www.parkermotion.com/video/Braas_Trilogy_T3E_Video.MPG

    Benefits of Linear Motors


    High Maximum Speed
    Limited primarily by bus voltage, control electronics

    High Precision
    Accuracy, resolution, repeatability limited by feedback device,
    budget
    Zero backlash: No mechanical transmission components.

    Fast Response
    Response rate can be over 100 times that of a mechanical
    transmission faster accelerations, settling time (more
    throughput)

    Stiffness
    No mechanical linkage, stiffness depends mostly on gain & current

    Durable
    Modern linear motors have few/no contacting parts no wear

    Downsides of Linear Motors


    Cost
    Low production volume (relative to demand)
    High price of magnets
    Linear encoders (feedback) are much more expensive than
    rotary encoders, cost increases with length

    Higher Bandwidth Drives and Controls


    Lower force per package size
    Heating issues
    Forcer is usually attached to load I2R losses are directly
    coupled to load

    No (minimal) Friction
    No automatic brake

    Components of Linear Motors


    Forcer (Motor Coil)

    Windings (coils) provide current (I)


    Windings are encapsulated within
    core material
    Mounting Plate on top
    Usually contains sensors (hall effect
    and thermal)

    Magnet Rail

    Iron Plate / Base Plate


    Rare Earth Magnets of alternating
    polarity provide flux (B)
    Single or double rail

    F=

    lI x B

    Types of Linear Motors


    Iron Core

    Coils wound
    around teeth of
    laminations on
    forcer

    Ironless Core

    Dual back iron


    separated by
    spacer
    Coils held together
    with epoxy

    Slotless

    Coil and back iron


    held together with
    epoxy

    [1],[2],[3]

    Linear Motor Types: Iron Core


    Distinguishing Feature

    Copper windings around forcer laminations over a single


    magnet rail

    Advantages:

    Highest force available per unit volume


    Efficient Cooling
    Lower cost

    Disadvantages:

    High attractive force between forcer & magnet track


    Cogging: iron forcer affects thrust
    force as it passes over each
    magnet (aka velocity ripple)

    Top View
    Linear Motor Types: Ironless
    [1],[2]

    Distinguishing Feature

    Forcer constructed of wound coils


    held together with epoxy and running
    between two rails (North and South)
    Also known as Aircore or Uchannel motors

    Advantages:

    No attractive forces in forcer


    No Cogging
    Low weight forcer - No iron means
    higher accel/decel rates

    Disadvantages:

    Front View
    Forcer
    Mounting
    Plate
    Winding, held
    Rare
    by epoxy
    Earth
    Magne
    Hall Effect and
    Horseshoe
    ts
    Thermal
    Shaped
    Sensors in coil
    backiron

    Low force per package size


    Lower Stiffness; limited max load without improved structure
    Poor heat dissipation
    Higher cost (2x Magnets!)

    Linear Motor Types: Slotless


    [1],[2]
    Side View
    Distinguishing Feature

    Mix of ironless and iron core: coils


    with back iron contained within
    aluminum housing over a single
    magnet rail

    Advantages over ironless:

    Lower cost (1x magnets)


    Better heat dissipation
    Structurally stronger forcer
    More force per package size

    Front View
    Coil
    Back Mounting
    iron
    plate
    Thermal assembly
    sensor

    Advantages over iron core:

    Lighter weight and lower inertia


    forcer
    Lower attractive forces
    Less cogging

    Rare
    Earth
    Magnets

    Iron
    plate

    Linear Motor Types: Slotless


    [2],[3]
    Side View
    Disadvantages

    Some attractive force and cogging


    Less efficient than iron core and
    ironless - more heat to do the
    same job

    Front View
    Coil
    Back Mounting
    iron
    plate
    Thermal assembly
    sensor

    Rare
    Earth
    Magnets

    Iron
    plate

    Linear Motor Type Comparison [2]


    Linear Brushless DC Motor Type
    Feature

    Iron Core

    Ironless

    Slotless

    Attraction Force

    Most

    None

    Moderate

    Cost

    Medium

    High

    Lowest

    Force Cogging

    Highest

    None

    Medium

    Power Density

    Highest

    Medium

    Medium

    Forcer Weight

    Heaviest

    Lightest

    Moderate

    Construction of a Linear Induction


    Motor
    If the stator of the poly phase induction motor is cut
    along the section and laid on a flat surface, then it
    forms the primary of the LIM housing the field system
    and consequently the rotor forms the secondary
    consisting of flat aluminium conductors with
    ferromagnetic core for effective flux linkage

    Working of a Linear
    Induction Motor

    Primary of an LIM is excited by a balanced three


    phase power supply
    A traveling flux is induced in the primary instead
    of rotating 3 flux
    Electric current is induced into the secondary due
    to the relative motion between the traveling flux
    and the conductors
    This induced current interacts with the traveling
    flux wave to produce linear force or thrust F.
    If the secondary is fixed and the primary is free to
    move, the force will move the primary in the
    direction of the force, resulting in the required
    rectilinear motion.

    Components of a Complete
    Linear Motor System
    1. Motor components
    2. Base/Bearings
    3. Servo
    controller/feedback
    elements
    Typical sensors include Hall
    Effect (for position) and
    thermal sensors

    4. Cable management

    Applications

    Small Linear Motors


    Packaging and Material Handling
    Automated Assembly
    Reciprocating compressors and
    alternators
    Large Linear Induction Machines
    (3 phase)
    Transportation
    Materials handling
    Extrusion presses

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