North and South Divide

THE GLOBAL
DIVIDES:
THE NORTH AND THE
SOUTH
What is North-South Divide?
 The North-South Divide is a socio-economic and
political categorization of countries. The Cold-War-
era generalization places countries in two distinct
groups; The North and the South. The North is
comprised of all First World countries and most
Second World countries while the South is comprised
of Third World countries. This categorization ignores
the geographic position of countries with some
countries in the southern hemisphere such as
Australia and New Zealand being labeled as part of
the North
GLOBAL NORTH
VS
GLOBAL SOUTH
GLOBAL GLOBAL
NORTH
• United States,
Canada, Western
SOUTH
• Africa, Latin America
• Developing Asia,
Europe. Outermost Including Middle East
Regions of the
European Union
• Developed parts of France, Germany, Italy, the United
Asia, Australia and Kingdom, Japan, the United
States, Canada and Russia
new Zealand
• Home to all G8 and
to four of the five
permanent members
of UN Security
Council
GLOBAL GLOBAL
NORTH
• First World
• Richer and More Developed
SOUTH
• Third World
• Poor and Less Developed
Region Region
• 95% has enough food and • 5% has enough food and
shelter shelter
• Economy: industries and major • Source for a Raw Materials of
businesses, commerce and the North
finance • Cotton Production
• Textiles, lumber, clothing, • Depended entirely on cotton
machinery, leather, and
wooden goods
• Railroad Construction
Major
Differences
North-South
POPULATION
• The Worlds total Population is 7.7 billion
• The most populous country is China (1.398 million) and 2nd is
India (1.311 million)
• The Global North cover the one-quarter of total Population while
the South cover three-quarters of total Population
WEALTH
• The total Wealth in the World is 280 trillion
• The Richest Man: Jeff Bezos with a net worth of 149.5 billion USD
• The Richest Country in the world is Qatar ($124, 930 per capita)
and 2nd is the country Luxembourg ($109,190 per capita)
• The Global North is controlling the 80% total income of the world
• Inversely, the South only controlling the 20% total income of the
World
STANDARD OF LIVING
 South lacks the right technology, it is politically unstable, its
economies are divided, and its foreign exchange depend on
primary products exports to the North
 About 95% of the population in countries in The North have
enough basic needs and have access to functioning education
systems.
 In the South, as little as 5% of the population is able to access
basic needs such as food and shelter
NDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMEN
 The North of the Divide is comprised of countries which have
developed economies and account for over 90% of all
manufacturing industries in the world.
 The economies of most countries in the South rely on imports
from the North and have low technological penetration
 The south serves as the Raw Materials of South
AGRICULTURE
 The Global South is characterized with a very high rate
of people working in rural areas and according to
(Todaro, 2006) over 65% are rurally based, compared to
less than 27% in the Global North. Similarly 58 % of the
labor force is engaged in agriculture, compared to only
50% in Global North. Agriculture contributes about 14%
of the GNI of Global South Nations but only 3% of the
GNI of Global North. Todaro further argued that people in
the Global South countries concentrate on agricultural
production because since their incomes are low their first
priorities are food, clothing, and shelter and also due to
the primitive nature of technologies, poor organization
and limited physical and human capital inputs.
More Developed
Countries
Brandt
Line
Least Developed
Countries
What is Brandt Line?
 it is a divisionary line which simply
separates the rich countries in the North
from the poor countries in the South. It
encircles the world at latitude of 30°N. It
crosses North and Central America, North
of Africa and India, and then it goes down
towards the South, placing Australia and
New Zealand above the line
HISTORY
ISTORY OF THE DIVIDE
 The idea of categorizing countries by their economic and
developmental status began during the Cold War with the
classifications of East and West. The Soviet Union and China
represented the East, and the United States and their allies
represented the West. The term "Third World" was coined by states
hoping to navigate between the two poles of the Cold War, and
ultimately gave birth to the Non-Aligned Movement. These
countries were generally less economically developed than their
First- and Second-World counterparts. As some Second World
countries joined the First World, and others joined the Third World,
a new and simpler classification was needed. The First World
became the "North" and the Third World became the "South
CLASSIFYING
COUNTIRIES
Countries can be classified
into three different types:
Most Developed Countries
(MDCs)
Less Developed Countries
(LDCs)
Least Developed Countries
(LLDCs)
Most Developed Countries (MDCs):
the richest of the industrialized and
democratic nations of the world.
Less Developed Countries (LDCs):
countries with little industrial development,
little wealth, and high population growth.
Least Developed Countries (LLDCs):
very low per capital income, low literacy
rates, and very little in the way of manufacturing
industries.
REASONS:
There are three(3) main
reasons why our world is so
unequal today
Colonialism
Trade
Debt
Colonialism:
Today’s North-South gap traces its roots to the
colonization of the Southern world regions by
Europe over the past several centuries. This
colonization occurred at different times in
different parts of the world, as did
decolonization.
Control by one power over a dependant area or
people.
Trade:
What you are spending to bring goods
into your country is a greater sum that
what you are making by selling
products in the global economy.
You are loosing money.
Southern countries suffered from this.
Debt:
Their products were loosing money in
the global economy, so they needed to
increase production.
The only way they could do this was to
borrow money from the rich northern
countries.
This put them in debt.

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THE GLOBAL

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