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    Stress and Intonation

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    Noorasmad Mat Ripin
    This document discusses stress and intonation in language. It defines stress as the degree of force used to emphasize important elements in words, phrases, or sentences. It describes different levels and types of stress, including word stress which emphasizes syllables within words, and sentence stress which emphasizes meaning. The document also defines intonation as the pitch levels of the voice in a sentence. It provides examples of falling, rising, fall-rise, and rise-fall intonation patterns and how they can change meaning.

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    Stress and Intonation

    Uploaded by

    Noorasmad Mat Ripin
    507 views12 pages
    This document discusses stress and intonation in language. It defines stress as the degree of force used to emphasize important elements in words, phrases, or sentences. It describes different levels and types of stress, including word stress which emphasizes syllables within words, and sentence stress which emphasizes meaning. The document also defines intonation as the pitch levels of the voice in a sentence. It provides examples of falling, rising, fall-rise, and rise-fall intonation patterns and how they can change meaning.

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    prsentation for elp..ipg kampus sultan mizan

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    This document discusses stress and intonation in language. It defines stress as the degree of force used to emphasize important elements in words, phrases, or sentences. It describes different levels and types of stress, including word stress which emphasizes syllables within words, and sentence stress which emphasizes meaning. The document also defines intonation as the pitch levels of the voice in a sentence. It provides examples of falling, rising, fall-rise, and rise-fall intonation patterns and how they can change meaning.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    507 views12 pages

    Stress and Intonation

    Uploaded by

    Noorasmad Mat Ripin
    This document discusses stress and intonation in language. It defines stress as the degree of force used to emphasize important elements in words, phrases, or sentences. It describes different levels and types of stress, including word stress which emphasizes syllables within words, and sentence stress which emphasizes meaning. The document also defines intonation as the pitch levels of the voice in a sentence. It provides examples of falling, rising, fall-rise, and rise-fall intonation patterns and how they can change meaning.

    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    STRESS

    AND
    INTONATIO
    N
     STRESS

     is a suprasegmental feature
    accompanying words, phrases, or
    sentences to emphasize or focus
    the important element in them. It
    is the degree of force with which
    a sound or syllable is uttered.
    LEVEL OF
    STRESS

    SENTENCE
    STRESS

    WORD
    STRESS
     Word/Lexical stress
    is the stress accent on the syllables of individual words
    either in a sentence or in isolation

    There is only
    one stress in
    one word
    RULES
    OF WORD
    STRESS

    Only vowels
    are stressed,
    not
    consonants
    1 Stress on first syllable

    rule example
    Most 2-syllable nouns PRESent, EXport, CHIna,
    TAble
    Most 2-syllable adjectives PRESent, SLENder, CLEVer,
    HAPpy

    2 Stress on last syllable

    rule example
    Most 2-syllable verbs to preSENT, to exPORT, to
    deCIDE, to beGIN
    3 Stress on penultimate syllable (penultimate = second from end)

    rule example
    Words ending in -ic GRAPHic, geoGRAPHic,
    geoLOGic
    Words ending in -sion and - teleVIsion, reveLAtion
    tion

    4 Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (ante-penultimate = third from end)

    rule example
    Words ending in -cy, -ty, - deMOcracy, dependaBIlity,
    phy and -gy phoTOgraphy, geOLogy
    Words ending in -al CRItical, geoLOGical
    5 Compound words (words with two parts)

    rule example

    For compound nouns, the stress BLACKbird, GREENhouse


    is on the first part

    For compound adjectives, the bad-TEMpered, old-


    stress is on the second part FASHioned

    For compound verbs, the stress to underSTAND, to


    is on the second part overFLOW
     Sentence stress
    To show importance of a specific intended meaning.

    For example:
     I did’t ask you for the book.

    (someone else did)


     I did’t ask you for the book.

    (I did not although you say I did so)


     I did’t ask you for the book.

    (I asked someone else)


     I did’t ask you for the book.

    (I asked you about the book)


     I did’t ask you for the book.

    (I asked you for something else)


     INTONATION refers to the levels of
    pitch or the relative height of voice in
    a sentence.

    Rise-fall
    Rising tone Fall-rise tone
    Falling tone
    tone
    Falling tone:

    That was a good show.

    I like it very much.

    Rising tone:

    Oh, come on! Don’t be upset.(it’s not the end of the world)

    You can’t go there.(you know that)


    Fall- rise tone:

    I haven’t much appetite(but I’ll still join you)

    He’s generous (but I don’t trust him)

    Rise- fall tone:

    That’s wonderful.

    He’s great.
    REFERENCES
     Loga Mahesan Baskaran (2005) A Linguistic Primer for Malaysians
     http://oak.ucc.nau.edu
     http://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/word-stress-rules.htm
     www.thefreedictionary.com

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