The Female Eunuch

The Female Eunuch
The Female Eunuch (first edition).jpg
Cover of the first edition
AuthorGermaine Greer
CountryUnited Kingdom
LanguageEnglish
Published1970
PublisherMacGibbon & Kee
Media typePrint (Hardcover and Paperback)
ISBN0-374-52762-8
OCLC46574483
305.42 21
LC ClassHQ1206 .G77 2001
Followed byThe Whole Woman

The Female Eunuch is a 1970 book by Germaine Greer that became an international bestseller and an important text in the feminist movement. Greer's thesis is that the "traditional" suburban, consumerist, nuclear family represses women sexually, and that this devitalises them, rendering them eunuchs. The book was published in London in October 1970. It received a mixed reception, but by March 1971, it had nearly sold out its second printing. It has been translated into eleven languages.[1]

A sequel to The Female Eunuch, entitled The Whole Woman, was published in 1999.[2]

Summary

The book is a feminist analysis, written with a mixture of polemic and scholarly research. It was a key text of the feminist movement in the 1970s, broadly discussed and criticised by other feminists and the wider community, particularly through the author's high profile in the broadcast media. In sections titled "Body", "Soul", "Love" and "Hate" Greer examines historical definitions of women's perception of self and uses a premise of imposed limitations to critique modern consumer societies, female "normality", and masculine shaping of stereotypes quoting, "The World has lost its soul, and I my sex."[3] In contrast to earlier feminist works, Greer uses humour, boldness, and coarse language to present a direct and candid description of female sexuality, much of this subject having remained undiscussed in English-speaking societies. Greer's irreverence towards Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis was inspired by Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex.[4] The work bridged academia and the contemporary arts in presenting the targets of the final section of the book, Revolution; it is in accord, and often associated with, a creative and revolutionary movement of the period.

Greer argues that men hate women, though the latter do not realise this and are taught to hate themselves.[5]

Greer argues that change had to come about via revolution, not evolution. Women should get to know and come to accept their own bodies, taste their own menstrual blood, and give up celibacy and monogamy. Yet they should not burn their bras. "Bras are a ludicrous invention," she wrote, "but if you make bralessness a rule, you're just subjecting yourself to yet another repression."[6]

In a foreword added to the 21st anniversary edition, Greer references the loss of women's freedom with the "sudden death of communism" (1989) as catapult for women the world over for a sudden transition into consumer Western society wherein there is little to no protection for mothers and the disabled; here, there is no freedom to speak:

The freedom I pleaded for twenty years ago was freedom to be a person, with dignity, integrity, nobility, passion, pride that constitute personhood. Freedom to run, shout, talk loudly and sit with your knees apart. Freedom to know and love the earth and all that swims, lies, and crawls upon it...most of the women in the world are still afraid, still hungry, still mute and loaded by religion with all kinds of fetters, masked, muzzled, mutilated and beaten.[7]

Reception

In a 1971 interview, Greer said of her book that "The title is an indication of the problem. Women have somehow been separated from their libido, from their faculty of desire, from their sexuality. They've become suspicious about it. Like beasts, for example, who are castrated in farming in order to serve their master's ulterior motives—to be fattened or made docile—women have been cut off from their capacity for action. It's a process that sacrifices vigor for delicacy and succulence, and one that's got to be changed."[8] In January 1972 The Age's reviewer Thelma Forshaw described The Female Eunuch as "the orchestrated over-the-back-fence grizzle ... based on the curious fancy ... we were all men, and then some fiend castrated half of us and gave us a ghastly internal bookie's bag called a womb".[9] The newspaper declared that the review "has stirred up a considerable controversy".[10] According to the journalist Keith Dunstan, "[t]he reviews of [the book] were extremely mixed. The most famous was by [Forshaw] of The Age".[9] Dunstan contrasted this with a positive review by Sylvia Lawson of The Australian, "[it has] been greeted in Australia with some fantastically myopic, complacent and resentful printed comment ... [the book] is neither dogmatic nor complacent, neither strident nor paranoic ... [it is] ranging, exploratory and questioning".[9]

살롱의 로라 밀러는 이 책을 "적합하고, 열정적이며, 흩어진 글"이라고 묘사했다. 그것은 사방에 널려 있고 충동적이며 치명적으로 순진하다. 즉, 그것이 그 시대의 본질적인 산물이라고 할 수 있다."[11] 신경과학자 사이먼 르베이는 퀴어 사이언스(1996년)에서 후속 과학 연구는 남성과 여성의 두뇌에는 차이가 없다는 그리어의 주장과 모순된다고 썼다.[12] 비평가 카밀레 파글리아는 "여성 내시"를 "경탄할 만한 책"이라고 불렀고, 그것을 홍보하기 위한 그리어의 국제 여행을 "20세기 페미니즘의 절정"이라고 묘사했다. 하지만, 그녀는 또한 출판 이후 그린의 작품에 실망감을 표시했다.[13]

메모들

  1. ^ Wilde, W H; Hooton, Joy; Andrews, Barry (1994) [1985]. The Oxford companion to Australian Literature (2nd ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press. p. 271. ISBN 0-19-553381-X. ... the book became almost a sacred text for the international women's liberation movement of the 1970s, notwithstanding sporadic criticism of aspects of its ideology from some feminists.
  2. ^ 그리어. ISBN 0-385-60016-X 전체 여성 더블데이
  3. ^ 그리어, 저메인 여불위. 영국: 하퍼 다년생, 2006년.
  4. ^ Webster, Richard (2005). Why Freud Was Wrong: Sin, Science and Psychoanalysis. Oxford: The Orwell Press. p. 22. ISBN 0-9515922-5-4.
  5. ^ 월리스 1997
  6. ^ 2006년 팔라딘 21주년 기념판의 서문.
  7. ^ Greer, Germaine (1993). The Female Eunuch. London: Flamingo. p. 11. ISBN 0-586-08055-4.
  8. ^ Weinraub, Judith (22 March 1971). "Germaine Greer -- Opinions That May Shock the Faithful". The New York Times. food fashions family furnishings section, page 28. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016.
  9. ^ a b c Dunstan, Keith (2004). "Germaine Greer". In Matthew Ricketson (ed.). The Best Australian Profiles. Melbourne, Vic: Black Inc. p. 53. ISBN 9781863952934.
  10. ^ "Letters to the Editor". The Age. Fairfax Media. 20 January 1972. p. 8. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  11. ^ Laura Miller (1999-06-22). "Germaine Greer". Brilliant Careers. Salon. pp. 1 of 2. Retrieved 2007-05-22. They didn't become megastars, but they became a librarian or something. I've heard women say again and again when the subject of Germaine comes up: 'Well, her book changed my life for the better.' And they'll be modest women living pretty ordinary lives, but better lives." Women entirely unlike Germaine Greer, the feminist who improved the world in spite of herself.
  12. ^ LeVay, Simon (1996). Queer Science: The Use and Abuse of Research into Homosexuality. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. p. 140. ISBN 0-262-12199-9.
  13. ^ Paglia, Camille (2017). Free Women, Free Men: Sex, Gender, Feminism. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-375-42477-9.

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