Reference: Abraham
American
Father of a multitude, Ge 17:4-5; the great founder of the Jewish nation. He was a son of Terah, a descendant of Shem, and born in Ur, a city of Chaldea, A.M. 2008, B. C. 1996, Ge 11:27-28. Here he lived seventy years, when at the call of God he left his idolatrous kindred, and removed to Haran, in Mesopotamia, Ac 7:2-4, accompanied by his father, his wife Sarai, his brother Nahor, and his nephew Lot. A few years after, having buried his father, he again removed at the call of God, with his wife and nephew, and entered the land of promise as a nomad or wandering shepherd. Sojourning for a time at Shechem, he built here, as was his custom, an alter to the Lord, who appeared to him, and promised that land to his seed. Removing from place to place for convenience of water and pasturage, he was at length driven by a famine into Egypt, where he dissembled in calling his wife his sister, Ge 12. Returning to Canaan rich in flocks and herds, he left Lot to dwell in the fertile valley of the lower Jordan, and pitched his own tents in Mamre, Ge 13. A few years after, he rescued Lot and his friends from captivity, and received the blessing of Melchizedek, Ge 14. Again God appeared to him, promised that his seed should be like the stars for number, and foretold their oppression in Egypt 400 years, and their return to possess the promised land, Ge 15. But the promise of a son being yet unfulfilled, Sarai gave him Hagar her maid for a secondary wife, of whom Ishmael was born, Ge 16. After thirteen years, God again appeared to him, and assured him that the heir of the promise should yet be born of his wife, whose name was then changed to Sarah. He established also the covenant of circumcision, Ge 17. Here, too, occurred the visit of the three angels, and the memorable intercession with the Angel-Jehovah for the inhabitants of Sodom, Ge 18. After this, Abraham journeyed south to Gerah, where he again called Sarah his sister. In this region Isaac was born; and soon after, Hagar and Ishmael were driven out to seek a new home, Ge 21. About twenty-five years after, God put to trial the faith of Abraham, by commanding him to sacrifice Isaac, his son and the heir of the promise, upon Mount Moriah, Ge 22. Twelve years after, Sarah died, and the cave of Machpelag was bought for a burial-place, Ge 23. Abraham sent his steward, and obtained a wife for Isaac from his pious kindred in Mesopotamia, Ge 24. He himself also married Keturah, and had six sons, each one the founder of a distinct people in Arabia. At the age of 175, full of years and honors, he died, and was buried by his sons in the same tomb with Sarah, Ge 25.
The character of Abraham is one of the most remarkable in Scripture. He was a genuine oriental patriarch, a prince in the land; his property was large, his retinue very numerous, and he commanded the respect of the neighboring people: and yet he was truly a stranger and a pilgrim, the only land he possessed being the burial-place he had purchased. Distinguished by his integrity, generosity, and hospitality, he was most of all remarkable for his simple and unwavering faith, a faith that obeyed without hesitation or delay, and recoiled not from the most fearful trial ever imposed upon man, so that he is justly styled "the father of the faithful," that is, of believers. No name in history is venerated by so large a portion of the human race, Mohammedans as well as Jews and Christians. As the ancestor of Christ, in whom all the nations are blessed, and as the father of all believers, the covenant is abundantly fulfilled to him: his seed are as the stars of heaven and with them he shall inherit the heavenly Canaan.
ABRAHAM'S BOSOM. In Lu 16:22, Lazarus is said to have been carried to Abraham's bosom, that is, to the state of bliss in paradise which the father of the faithful was enjoying. This is often represented by a feast, by sitting down to a banquet, Mt 8:11; Lu 13:29. To lie on one's bosom refers to the oriental mode of reclining at table, Joh 13:23. See EATING.
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These, then are the generations of Terah, Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, - and, Haran, begat Lot; and Haran died, in the presence of Terah his father, - in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
As for me, lo! my covenant is with thee, - So shalt thou become - father of a multitude of nations; And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
But I say unto you, Many from east and west, will have come, and shall recline with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, in the kingdom of the heavens;
And they shall have come from east and west, and from north and south, and be made recline in the kingdom of God.
And it came to pass that the beggar died, and was carried away by the messengers, into the bosom of Abraham. And, the rich man also, died, and was buried.
One of Jesus' disciples was reclining in his bosom, one whom Jesus loved:
And, he, said - Brethren and fathers, hearken! The God of Glory, appeared unto our father Abraham, while he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Haran, - And said unto him - Get thee forth, out of thy land, and from among thy kindred, and come unto the land which, unto thee, I will point out. read more. Then, coming forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, he dwelt in Haran; and, from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, in which, ye, now dwell;
Easton
father of a multitude, son of Terah, named (Ge 11:27) before his older brothers Nahor and Haran, because he was the heir of the promises. Till the age of seventy, Abram sojourned among his kindred in his native country of Chaldea. He then, with his father and his family and household, quitted the city of Ur, in which he had hitherto dwelt, and went some 300 miles north to Haran, where he abode fifteen years. The cause of his migration was a call from God (Ac 7:2-4). There is no mention of this first call in the Old Testament; it is implied, however, in Ge 12. While they tarried at Haran, Terah died at the age of 205 years. Abram now received a second and more definite call, accompanied by a promise from God (Ge 12:1-2); whereupon he took his departure, taking his nephew Lot with him, "not knowing whither he went" (Heb 11:8). He trusted implicitly to the guidance of Him who had called him.
Abram now, with a large household of probably a thousand souls, entered on a migratory life, and dwelt in tents. Passing along the valley of the Jabbok, in the land of Canaan, he formed his first encampment at Sichem (Ge 12:6), in the vale or oak-grove of Moreh, between Ebal on the north and Gerizim on the south. Here he received the great promise, "I will make of thee a great nation," etc. (Ge 12:2-3,7). This promise comprehended not only temporal but also spiritual blessings. It implied that he was the chosen ancestor of the great Deliverer whose coming had been long ago predicted (Ge 3:15). Soon after this, for some reason not mentioned, he removed his tent to the mountain district between Bethel, then called Luz, and Ai, towns about two miles apart, where he built an altar to "Jehovah." He again moved into the southern tract of Palestine, called by the Hebrews the Negeb; and was at length, on account of a famine, compelled to go down into Egypt. This took place in the time of the Hyksos, a Semitic race which now held the Egyptians in bondage. Here occurred that case of deception on the part of Abram which exposed him to the rebuke of Pharaoh (Ge 12:18). Sarai was restored to him; and Pharaoh loaded him with presents, recommending him to withdraw from the country. He returned to Canaan richer than when he left it, "in cattle, in silver, and in gold" (Ge 12:8; 13:2. Comp. Ps 105:13-14). The whole party then moved northward, and returned to their previous station near Bethel. Here disputes arose between Lot's shepherds and those of Abram about water and pasturage. Abram generously gave Lot his choice of the pasture-ground. (Comp. 1Co 6:7.) He chose the well-watered plain in which Sodom was situated, and removed thither; and thus the uncle and nephew were separated. Immediately after this Abram was cheered by a repetition of the promises already made to him, and then removed to the plain or "oak-grove" of Mamre, which is in Hebron. He finally settled here, pitching his tent under a famous oak or terebinth tree, called "the oak of Mamre" (Ge 13:18). This was his third resting-place in the land.
Illustration: Semitic Family
Some fourteen years before this, while Abram was still in Chaldea, Palestine had been invaded by Chedorlaomer, King of Elam, who brought under tribute to him the five cities in the plain to which Lot had removed. This tribute was felt by the inhabitants of these cities to be a heavy burden, and after twelve years they revolted. This brought upon them the vengeance of Chedorlaomer, who had in league with him four other kings. He ravaged the whole country, plundering the towns, and carrying the inhabitants away as slaves. Among those thus treated was Lot. Hearing of the disaster that had fallen on his nephew, Abram immediately gathered from his own household a band of 318 armed men, and being joined by the Amoritish chiefs Mamre, Aner, and Eshcol, he pursued after Chedorlaomer, and overtook him near the springs of the Jordan. They attacked and routed his army, and pursued it over the range of Anti-Libanus as far as to Hobah, near Damascus, and then returned, bringing back all the spoils that had been carried away. Returning by way of Salem, i.e., Jerusalem, the king of that place, Melchizedek, came forth to meet them with refreshments. To him Abram presented a tenth of the spoils, in recognition of his character as a priest of the most high God (Ge 14:18-20).
In a recently-discovered tablet, dated in the reign of the grandfather of Amraphel (Ge 14:1), one of the witnesses is called "the Amorite, the son of Abiramu," or Abram.
Having returned to his home at Mamre, the promises already made to him by God were repeated and enlarged (Ge 13:14). "The word of the Lord" (an expression occurring here for the first time) "came to him" (Ge 15:1). He now understood better the future that lay before the nation that was to spring from him. Sarai, now seventy-five years old, in her impatience, persuaded Abram to take Hagar, her Egyptian maid, as a concubine, intending that whatever child might be born should be reckoned as her own. Ishmael was accordingly thus brought up, and was regarded as the heir of these promises (Ge 16). When Ishmael was thirteen years old, God again revealed yet more explicitly and fully his gracious purpose; and in token of the sure fulfilment of that purpose the patriarch's name was now changed from Abram to Abraham (Ge 17:4-5), and the rite of circumcision was instituted as a sign of the covenant. It was then announced that the heir to these covenant promises would be the son of Sarai, though she was now ninety years old; and it was directed that his name should be Isaac. At the same time, in commemoration of the promises, Sarai's name was changed to Sarah. On that memorable day of God's thus revealing his design, Abraham and his son Ishmael and all the males of his house were circumcised (Ge 17). Three months after this, as Abraham sat in his tent door, he saw three men approaching. They accepted his proffered hospitality, and, seated under an oak-tree, partook of the fare which Abraham and Sarah provided. One of the three visitants was none other than the Lord, and the other two were angels in the guise of men. The Lord renewed on this occasion his promise of a son by Sarah, who was rebuked for her unbelief. Abraham accompanied the three as they proceeded on their journey. The two angels went on toward Sodom; while the Lord tarried behind and talked with Abraham, making known to him the destruction that was about to fall on that guilty city. The patriarch interceded earnestly in behalf of the doomed city. But as not even ten righteous persons were found in it, for whose sake the city would have been spared, the threatened destruction fell upon it; and early next morning Abraham saw the smoke of the fire that consumed it as the "smoke of a furnace" (Ge 19:1-28).
After fifteen years' residence at Mamre, Abraham moved southward, and pitched his tent among the Philistines, near to Gerar. Here occurred that sad instance of prevarication on his part in his relation to Abimelech the King (Ge 20). (See Abimelech.) Soon after this event, the patriarch left the vicinity of Gerar, and moved down the fertile valley about 25 miles to Beer-sheba. It was probably here that Isaac was born, Abraham being now an hundred years old. A feeling of jealousy now arose between Sarah and Hagar, whose son, Ishmael, was no longer to be regarded as Abraham's heir. Sarah insisted that both Hagar and her son should be sent away. This was done, although it was a hard trial to Abraham (Ge 21:12). (See Hagar; Ishmael.)
At this point there is a blank in the patriarch's history of perhaps twenty-five years. These years of peace and happiness were spent at Beer-sheba. The next time we see him his faith is put to a severe test by the command that suddenly came to him to go and offer up Isaac, the heir of all the promises, as a sacrifice on one of the mountains of Moriah. His faith stood the test (Heb 11:17-19). He proceeded in a spirit of unhesitating obedience to carry out the command; and when about to slay his son, whom he had laid on the altar, his uplifted hand was arrested by the angel of Jehovah, and a ram, which was entangled in a thicket near at hand, was seized and offe
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And enmity, will I put between thee, and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed, - He shall crush thy head, but, thou, shalt crush his heel.
These, then are the generations of Terah, Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, - and, Haran, begat Lot;
And Terah took Abram his son and Lot son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, wife of Abram his son, - and came forth with them out of Ur of the Chaldees, that they might go their way towards the land of Canaan, and they came in as far as Haran and dwelt there.
And Yahweh said unto Abram: Come thou on thy way, Out of thy land and out of the place of thy birth and out of the house of thy father, - Unto the land that I will show thee; That I may make thee into a great nation, And bless thee and make great thy name, And become thou a blessing;
That I may make thee into a great nation, And bless thee and make great thy name, And become thou a blessing; That I may bless them who bless thee, But him who maketh light of thee, will I curse, - So shall be, blessed in thee, all the families of the ground.
And Abram passed along throughout the land, as far as the place of Shechem as far as the Teacher's Terebinth, the Canaanite being then in the land. And Yahweh appeared unto Abram, and said: To thy seed, will I give this land, - And he built there an altar, unto Yahweh who appeared unto him. read more. And he moved on from thence towards the hill country, on the east of Bethel and pitched his tent, - with Bethel on the west, and Ai on the east, and bulk there an altar to Yahweh, and called on the name of Yahweh.
And Pharaoh called out to Abram, and said, What is this thou hast done to me? Wherefore didst thou not tell me, that she was, thy wife?
Now, Abram, was very rich, - in cattle, in silver and in gold.
And, Yahweh, said unto Abram after that Lot had separated himself from him, Lift up, I pray thee thine eyes and look, from the place where thou art, - northward and southward and eastward and westward;
So Abram moved his tent and came in and dwelt among the oaks of Mamre, which were in Hebron, - and built there an altar to Yahweh.
And it came to pass, in the days of Amraphel, king of Shinar, Arioch, king of Ellasar, - Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goim,
flow Melchizedek king of Salem, had brought forth bread and wine, - he, being priest of GOD Most High. So he blessed him and said, - Blessed be Abram of GOD Most High, possessor of the heavens and earth; read more. And blessed be GOD Most High, who hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. So he gave unto him a tenth of all.
After these things, came the word of Yahweh unto Abram, in a vision saying, - Do not fear Abram, am a shield to thee, thine exceeding great reward.
As for me, lo! my covenant is with thee, - So shalt thou become - father of a multitude of nations; And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
So the two messengers went in towards Sodom at eventide, Lot, being seated in the gate of Sodom, - so Lot beheld and rose up to meet them, and bowed himself with his face to the earth. And he said Behold, I pray you my lords turn aside, I pray you, into the house of your servant, - and tarry the night and bathe your feet, so shall ye rise early, and go on your way. And they said, Nay, but, in the broad way, will we tarry the night. read more. But he became exceeding urgent with them, so they turned aside unto him and entered into his house, - and he made for them a banquet, unleavened cakes, also did he bake, and they did eat. Ere yet they lay down, the men of the city - the men of Sodom, had come round against the house, from youth even unto age, - all the people from every quarter, And they called unto Lot and said to him, Where are the men who have come in unto thee tonight? Bring them forth unto us, and let us know them! And Lot went forth unto them to the entrance; but the door, closed he behind him. And he said, - Do not I pray you my brethren act wickedly. Behold, I pray you, I, have two daughters who have not known man, I must needs now bring, them, forth unto you, and do ye to them, as may be good in your eyes, - Only to these men, ye may do nothing; for on this account, have they come under the shade of my roof. And they said, Stand back, And they said, This one, by himself, hath come in to sojourn and must always be acting the judge, Now, will we do more wickedly to thee, than to them. So they pressed sere upon the man - upon Lot - exceedingly, and drew near to break open the door. And the men thrust forth their hand, and brought Lot in unto them into the house - and, the door, they closed: the men also who were at the entrance of the house, smote they with blindness, from small even unto great, so that they wearied themselves to find the entrance. And the men said unto Lot, Whom besides hast thou here? Son-in-law and thy sons and thy daughters, and all that thou hast in the city, bring thou forth out of the place; For we are about to destroy this place, - for, great, is the outcry of them unto the face of Yahweh, so that Yahweh hath sent us to destroy it. And Lot went forth and spake unto his sons-in - law who were about to take his two daughters and said Arise come forth out of this place, for Yahweh is about to destroy the city. And it came to pass, that he was as one that laughed, in the eyes of his sons-in-law. But as soon as, the dawn had sprung up, the messengers hastened Lot saying, - Arise! take thy wife and thy two daughters that are at hand, lest thou be swept away in the punishment of the city. And he lingered - so the men laid hold of his hand and of the hand of his wife and of the hand of his two daughters, in the tenderness of Yahweh towards him, - and they brought him out and led him forth outside the city. And it came to pass when they had brought them forth outside, that they said, Escape for thy life, Look not behind thee, neither stand still in all the vale, - To the mountain, escape thou lest thou be swept away. And Lot said unto them, - No, I pray thee, My Lord! Behold, I pray thee thy servant hath found favour in thine eyes, so that thou hast magnified thy lovingkindness which thou hast performed with me in keeping alive my soul. - But, I, cannot escape to the mountain, lest calamity overtake me so shall I die. Behold, I pray thee, this city, is near for fleeing thither And, it, is a little one, let me I pray thee, escape thither - is it not a, little, one? That my soul may live! And he said unto him, Behold! I have lifted up thy countenance, even as to this thing, - so that I will not overthrow the city, of which thou hast spoken. Haste thee escape thither, for I cannot do anything, until thou have come in thither. For this cause: was the name of the city called Zoar. When, the sun, had come forth on the earth, Lot had entered into Zoar. And, Yahweh, rained, upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah, brimstone and fire, - from Yahweh, out of the heavens: so he overthrew these cities, and all the circuit, - and all the inhabitants of the cities, and the produce of the ground. But his wife looked from behind him, - and became - a pillar of salt. And Abraham gat up early in the morning, unto the place where he had stood before Yahweh; and he looked out over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and over all the face of the land of the circuit, and beheld and lo! the smoke of the land went up, like the smoke of a furnace.
And God said unto Abraham Let it not be grievous in thine eyes concerning the boy and concerning thy bondwoman, In all that Sarah may say unto thee, hearken to her voice, - For in Isaac, shall there be called to thee - a seed.
So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they mounted, and went on their way together unto Beer-sheba, - and Abraham dwelt in Beer-sheba.
Now, these, are the days of the years of the life of Abraham which he lived - a hundred and seventy-five years. So Abraham breathed his last, and died in a fine old age, old and satisfied, - and was gathered unto his people, read more. And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre; the field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth, - there, was buried Abraham, with Sarah his wife.
And so it used to be, if Israel had sown, then came up Midian and Amalek and the sons of the east, yea came up against them,
And they wandered from nation to nation, From a kingdom, to another people. He suffered no son of earth to oppress them, And reproved - for their sakes - even kings!
And, he, said - Brethren and fathers, hearken! The God of Glory, appeared unto our father Abraham, while he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Haran, -
And, he, said - Brethren and fathers, hearken! The God of Glory, appeared unto our father Abraham, while he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Haran, - And said unto him - Get thee forth, out of thy land, and from among thy kindred, and come unto the land which, unto thee, I will point out. read more. Then, coming forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, he dwelt in Haran; and, from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, in which, ye, now dwell;
For this cause, it is by faith, in order that it may be by way of favour, so that the promise is firm unto all the seed, - not unto that by the law only, but unto that also which is such by the faith of Abraham; who is father of us all, -
Already, indeed, it is an utter defeat for you, that ye are having, law-suits, one with another. Wherefore are ye not rather taking wrong? Wherefore are ye not rather suffering yourselves to be defrauded?
So then, they who are of faith, are blessed with believing Abraham;
By faith, being called, Abraham obeyed - to come forth into a place he was destined to receive for an inheritance; and he came forth, not well knowing whither he was coming.
By faith, Abraham, when tested, offered up Isaac, and, the only-begotten, would he have offered up, who the promises had accepted, - Even him of whom it had been said - In Isaac, shall there be called to thee, a seed: read more. Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.
And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
Fausets
Abraham ("father of a multitude".) Up to Ge 17:4-5, his being sealed with circumcision, the sign of the covenant, ABRAM (father of elevation). Son of Terah, brother of Nahor and Haran. Progenitor of the Hebrew, Arabs, Edomites, and kindred tribes; the ninth in descent from Shem, through Heber. Haran died before Terah, leaving Lot and two daughters, Milcah and Iscah. Nahor married his niece Milcah: Abraham Iscah, i.e. Sarai, daughter, i.e. granddaughter, of his father, not of his mother (Ge 20:12). Ur, his home, is the modern Mugheir, the primeval capital of Chaldaea; its inscriptions are probably of the 22nd century B.C. The alphabetical Hebrew system is Phoenician, and was probably brought by Abraham to Canaan, where it became modified. Abraham, at God's call, went forth from Ur of the Chaldees (Ge 11:12-31).
In Haran Terah died. The statement in Ge 11:26, that Terah was 70 when he begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, must apply only to the oldest, Haran. His being oldest appears from the fact that his brothers married his daughters, and that Sarai was only ten years younger than Abraham (Ge 17:17); the two younger were born subsequently, Abram, the youngest, when Terah was 130, as appears from comparing Ge 11:31 with Ge 12:4; Ac 7:3-4; "before he dwelt in Charran Haran, while he was in Mesopotamia," in his 60th year, at Ur he received his first call: "Depart from thy land, to a land which I will show thee" (as yet the exact land was not defined). In Haran he received a second call: "Depart from thy father's house unto THE land (Heb., Ge 12:1( which I will show thee;" and with it a promise, temporal (that God would bless him, and make him founder of a great nation) and spiritual (that in him all families of the earth should be blessed).
The deluge, the revelation to Noah, and the Babel dispersion had failed to counteract the universal tendency to idolatrous apostasy, obliterating every trace of primitive piety. God therefore provided an antidote in separating one family and nation to be the repository of His truth against the fullness of time when it should be revealed to the whole world. From Jos 24:2,14-15, it appears Terah and his family served other gods beyond the Euphrates. Silly traditions as to Terah being a maker of idols, and Abraham having been east into a fiery furnace by Nimrod for disbelief in idols, were drawn from this Scripture, and from Ur ("fire"). The second call additionally required that, now when his father was dead and filial duty had been discharged, after the stay of 15 years in Haran, he should leave his father's house, i.e. his brother Nahor's family, in Haran. The call was personally to himself.
He was to be isolated not only from his nation but from his family. Lot, his nephew, accompanied him, being regarded probably as his heir, as the promise of seed and the specification of his exact destination were only by degrees unfolded to him (Heb 11:8). Nicolaus of Damascus ascribed to him the conquest of Damascus on his way to Canaan. Scripture records nothing further than that his chief servant was Eliezer of Damascus; he pursued Chedorlaomer to Hobah, on the left of Damascus, subsequently (Ge 14:15), Abraham entered Canaan along the valley of the Jabbok, and encamped first in the rich Moreh valley, near Sichem, between mounts Ebal and Gerizim. There he received a confirmation of the promise, specifying "this land" as that which the original more general promise pointed to. Here therefore he built his first altar to God. The unfriendly attitude of the Canaanites induced him next to move to the mountain country between Bethel and Ai, where also he built an altar to Jehovah, whose worship was fast passing into oblivion in the world.
Famine led him to Egypt, the granary of the world, next. The record of his unbelieving cowardice there, and virtual lie as to Sarai (See ABIMELECH) is a striking proof of the candor of Scripture. Its heroes' faults are not glossed over; each saint not only falls at times, but is represented as failing in the very grace (e.g. Abraham in faith) for which he was most noted. Probably the Hyksos (akin to the Hebrew), or shepherds' dynasty, reigned then at Memphis, which would make Abraham's visit specially acceptable there. On his return his first visit was to the altar which he had erected to Jehovah before his fall (compare Ge 13:4 with Ho 2:7; Re 2:5). The greatness of his and Lot's substance prevented their continuing together. The promise of a direct heir too may have influenced Lot, as, no longer being heir, to seek a more fixed home, in the region of Sodom, than he had with Abraham, "dwelling in tents." Contrast the children of the world with the children of God (Heb 11:9-10,16-18). His third resting place was Mamre, near Hebron ("association", namely, that of Abraham, Mamre, Eshcol, and Aner; next called Kirjath Arba; then it resumed its old name, Hebron, the future capital of Judah). This position, communicating with Egypt, and opening on the pastures of Beersheba, marks the greater power of his retinue now, as compared with what it was when he encamped in the mountain fastness of Ai.
Fourteen years previously Chedorlaomer, king of Elam (the region S. of Assyria, E. of Persia, Susiana), the chief sovereign, with Amrephar of Shinar (Babylon), Arioch of Ellasar (the Chaldean Larissa, or Larsa, half way between Ur, or Mugheir, and Erech, or Warka, in Lower Babylonia), and Tidal, king of nations, attacked Bera of Sodom, Birsha of Gomorrah, Shinab of Admah, and Shemeber of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela or Zoar, because after twelve bears of subordination they "rebelled" (Genesis 14). Babylon was originally the predominant power; but a recently deciphered Assyrian record states that an Elamitie king, Kudur Nakhunta, conquered Babylon 2296 B.C. Kudur Mabuk is called in the inscriptions the "ravager of Syria," so that the Scripture account of Chedorlaomer (from Lagsmar, a goddess, in Semitic; answering to Mabuk in Hamitic) exactly tallies with the monumental inscriptions which call him Apda martu, "ravager," not conqueror, "of the West." Abraham, with 318 followers, and aided by the Amorite chiefs, Mamre, Eshcol, and Aner, overtook the victorious invaders near Jordan's springs, and attacked them by night from different quarters and routed them, and recovered Lot with all the men and the goods carried off.
His disinterestedness was evinced in refusing any of the goods which Arabian war usage entitled him to, lest the king of worldly Sodom should say, "I have made Abraham rich" (compare Es 9:15-16; 2Ki 5:16; contrast Lot, Ge 13:10-11). Melchizedek, one of the only native princes who still served Jehovah, and was at once king and priest, blessed Abraham in the name of the Most High God, possessor of heaven and earth, and blessed God in Abraham's name, by a beautiful reciprocation of blessing, and ministered to him bread and wine; and Abraham "gave him tithes of all." Immediately after Abraham had refused worldly rewards Jehovah in vision said, "I am ... thy exceeding great reward." The promise now was made more specific: Eliezer shall not be thine heir, but "he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels ... Tell if thou be able to number the stars; so shall thy seed be." His faith herein was called forth to accept what was above nature on the bore word of God; so "it (his faith) was counted to him for righteousness" (Genesis 15).
Hence he passes into direct covenant relation with God, confirmed by the sign of the burning lamp (compare Isa 62:1) passing between the divided pieces of a heifer, she goat, and ram, and accompanied by the revelation that his posterity are to be afflicted in a foreign land 400 years, then to come forth and conquer Canaan when the iniquity of the Amorites shall be full. The earthly inheritance was to include the whole region "from the river of Egypt unto the ... river Euphrates," a promise only in part fulfilled under David and Solomon (2Sa 8:3; 2Ki 4:21; 2Ch 9:26). Tyre and Sidon were never conquered; therefore the complete fulfillment remains for the millennial state, when "the meek shall inherit the land," and Ps 72:8-10 shall be realized; compare Lu 20:37. The taking of Hagar the Egypt
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And surely your blood, of your lives, will I require, From the hand of every living creature, will I require it, - and from the hand of man From the hand of each ones brother, will I require the life of man:
And surely your blood, of your lives, will I require, From the hand of every living creature, will I require it, - and from the hand of man From the hand of each ones brother, will I require the life of man: He that sheddeth man's blood, by man, shall his blood be shed, - For, in the image of God, made he man.
He that sheddeth man's blood, by man, shall his blood be shed, - For, in the image of God, made he man.
And, Arpachshad, lived thirty-five years, - and begat Shelah;
And, Arpachshad, lived thirty-five years, - and begat Shelah; and Arpachshad lived after he begat Shelah, four hundred and three years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Arpachshad lived after he begat Shelah, four hundred and three years, - and begat sons and daughters. And, Shelah, lived thirty years, - and begat Eber;
And, Shelah, lived thirty years, - and begat Eber; and Shelah lived, after he begat Eber, four hundred and three years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Shelah lived, after he begat Eber, four hundred and three years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Eber lived thirty-four years, - and begat Peleg;
And Eber lived thirty-four years, - and begat Peleg; and Eber lived after he begat Peleg, four hundred and thirty years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Eber lived after he begat Peleg, four hundred and thirty years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:
And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu: and Peleg lived after he begat Reu, two hundred and nine years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Peleg lived after he begat Reu, two hundred and nine years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Reu lived thirty-two years - and begat Serug;
And Reu lived thirty-two years - and begat Serug; and Reu lived after he begat Serug, two hundred and seven years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Reu lived after he begat Serug, two hundred and seven years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Serug lived thirty years, - and begat Nahor;
And Serug lived thirty years, - and begat Nahor; and Serug lived after he begat Nahor, two hundred years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Serug lived after he begat Nahor, two hundred years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Nahor lived twenty-nine years, - and begat Terah;
And Nahor lived twenty-nine years, - and begat Terah; and Nahor lived, after he begat Terah, a hundred and nineteen years, - and begat sons and daughters.
and Nahor lived, after he begat Terah, a hundred and nineteen years, - and begat sons and daughters. And Terah lived seventy years, - and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
And Terah lived seventy years, - and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
And Terah lived seventy years, - and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
And Terah lived seventy years, - and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran. These, then are the generations of Terah, Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, - and, Haran, begat Lot;
These, then are the generations of Terah, Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, - and, Haran, begat Lot; and Haran died, in the presence of Terah his father, - in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
and Haran died, in the presence of Terah his father, - in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees. And Abram and Nahor took to themselves wives; the name of Abrams wife, was Sarai; and, the name of Nahor's wife, Milcah, daughter of Haran father of Milcah, and father of Iscah.
And Abram and Nahor took to themselves wives; the name of Abrams wife, was Sarai; and, the name of Nahor's wife, Milcah, daughter of Haran father of Milcah, and father of Iscah. And, Sara, remained barren, - she had no child,
And, Sara, remained barren, - she had no child, And Terah took Abram his son and Lot son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, wife of Abram his son, - and came forth with them out of Ur of the Chaldees, that they might go their way towards the land of Canaan, and they came in as far as Haran and dwelt there.
And Terah took Abram his son and Lot son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, wife of Abram his son, - and came forth with them out of Ur of the Chaldees, that they might go their way towards the land of Canaan, and they came in as far as Haran and dwelt there.
And Terah took Abram his son and Lot son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, wife of Abram his son, - and came forth with them out of Ur of the Chaldees, that they might go their way towards the land of Canaan, and they came in as far as Haran and dwelt there.
And Terah took Abram his son and Lot son of Haran his son's son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, wife of Abram his son, - and came forth with them out of Ur of the Chaldees, that they might go their way towards the land of Canaan, and they came in as far as Haran and dwelt there.
And Yahweh said unto Abram: Come thou on thy way, Out of thy land and out of the place of thy birth and out of the house of thy father, - Unto the land that I will show thee;
And Yahweh said unto Abram: Come thou on thy way, Out of thy land and out of the place of thy birth and out of the house of thy father, - Unto the land that I will show thee;
And Abram came on his way, according to that which Yahweh had spoken unto him, and Lot came with him, - now, Abram, was seventy-five years old, when he came forth out of Haran.
And Abram came on his way, according to that which Yahweh had spoken unto him, and Lot came with him, - now, Abram, was seventy-five years old, when he came forth out of Haran.
unto the place of the altar, which he made there at first, - and Abram called there, on the name of Yahweh.
unto the place of the altar, which he made there at first, - and Abram called there, on the name of Yahweh.
So Lot lifted up his eyes and beheld all the circuit of the Jordan, that the whole of it, was well-watered, - before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, like the Garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt, as thou enterest into Zoar.
So Lot lifted up his eyes and beheld all the circuit of the Jordan, that the whole of it, was well-watered, - before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, like the Garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt, as thou enterest into Zoar. And Lot chose for himself all the circuit of the Jordan, so Lot brake up eastwards, - and they separated themselves, each man from his brother:
And Lot chose for himself all the circuit of the Jordan, so Lot brake up eastwards, - and they separated themselves, each man from his brother:
And he divided himself against them by night, he, and his servants, and smote them, - and pursued them as far as Hobah, which was on the left of Damascus.
And he divided himself against them by night, he, and his servants, and smote them, - and pursued them as far as Hobah, which was on the left of Damascus.
As for me, lo! my covenant is with thee, - So shalt thou become - father of a multitude of nations;
As for me, lo! my covenant is with thee, - So shalt thou become - father of a multitude of nations; And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
And Abraham fell on his face and laughed, - and said in his heart To one a hundred years old, shall a child be born? And shall even Sarah, who is ninety years old, give birth?
And Abraham fell on his face and laughed, - and said in his heart To one a hundred years old, shall a child be born? And shall even Sarah, who is ninety years old, give birth? And Abraham said unto God, - Oh that, Ishmael, might live before thee!
And Abraham said unto God, - Oh that, Ishmael, might live before thee!
And Yahweh appeared unto him among the oaks of Mamre, - as, he, was sitting at the opening of the tent in the heat of the day.
And Yahweh appeared unto him among the oaks of Mamre, - as, he, was sitting at the opening of the tent in the heat of the day.
So then Sarah laughed within herself, saying: After I am past age, hath there come to me pleasure, my lord, also being old?
So then Sarah laughed within herself, saying: After I am past age, hath there come to me pleasure, my lord, also being old? And Yahweh said unto Abraham, - Wherefore now did Sarah laugh saying. Can it really and truly be that I should bear, seeing that have become old?
And Yahweh said unto Abraham, - Wherefore now did Sarah laugh saying. Can it really and truly be that I should bear, seeing that have become old? Is anything, too wonderful for Yahweh? At the appointed time, I will return unto thee, at the quickening season and Sarah, shall have a son.
Is anything, too wonderful for Yahweh? At the appointed time, I will return unto thee, at the quickening season and Sarah, shall have a son. And Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not, For she was afraid. And he said - Nay! but thou didst laugh!
And Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not, For she was afraid. And he said - Nay! but thou didst laugh!
Moreover also, in truth, my sister daughter of my father, she is, only not daughter of my mother, - so she became my wife.
Moreover also, in truth, my sister daughter of my father, she is, only not daughter of my mother, - so she became my wife.
It was, on the third day, that Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.
It was, on the third day, that Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off.
Thus Yahweh used to speak unto Moses face to face, as a man speaketh unto his friend, - and when he returned unto the camp, his attendant Joshua son of Nun, a young man, moved not from the midst of the tent.
Thus Yahweh used to speak unto Moses face to face, as a man speaketh unto his friend, - and when he returned unto the camp, his attendant Joshua son of Nun, a young man, moved not from the midst of the tent.
Mouth to mouth, do I speak with him And plainly - not in dark sayings, And the form of Yahweh, doth he discern, - Wherefore then, were ye not afraid to speak against my servant - against Moses?
Mouth to mouth, do I speak with him And plainly - not in dark sayings, And the form of Yahweh, doth he discern, - Wherefore then, were ye not afraid to speak against my servant - against Moses?
Then said Joshua unto all the people - Thus, saith Yahweh, God of Israel, Beyond the River, dwelt your fathers from age-past times, unto Terah, father of Abraham, and father of Nahor, - and they served other gods.
Then said Joshua unto all the people - Thus, saith Yahweh, God of Israel, Beyond the River, dwelt your fathers from age-past times, unto Terah, father of Abraham, and father of Nahor, - and they served other gods.
Now, therefore, revere ye Yahweh, and serve him, in sincerity and in truth, - and put away the gods which your fathers served beyond the River, and in Egypt, and serve ye Yahweh.
Now, therefore, revere ye Yahweh, and serve him, in sincerity and in truth, - and put away the gods which your fathers served beyond the River, and in Egypt, and serve ye Yahweh. But, if it be, a vexation, in your eyes, to serve Yahweh, choose ye for yourselves, to-day, whom ye will serve, whether the gods which your fathers served, that were beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye are dwelling, - but, I and my house, will serve Yahweh.
But, if it be, a vexation, in your eyes, to serve Yahweh, choose ye for yourselves, to-day, whom ye will serve, whether the gods which your fathers served, that were beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye are dwelling, - but, I and my house, will serve Yahweh.
And David smote Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, - when he went to lay his hand on the River Euphrates.
And David smote Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, - when he went to lay his hand on the River Euphrates.
So the Jews who were in Shusan assembled themselves together, on the fourteenth day also, of the month Adar, and slew in Shusan three hundred men, - but, on the spoil, thrust they not forth their hand.
So the Jews who were in Shusan assembled themselves together, on the fourteenth day also, of the month Adar, and slew in Shusan three hundred men, - but, on the spoil, thrust they not forth their hand. And, the remainder of the Jews who were in the provinces of the king, assembled themselves together and stood for their life, and then had rest from their enemies, having slain of them that hated them seventy-five thousand, - but, on the spoil, thrust they not forth their hand:
And, the remainder of the Jews who were in the provinces of the king, assembled themselves together and stood for their life, and then had rest from their enemies, having slain of them that hated them seventy-five thousand, - but, on the spoil, thrust they not forth their hand:
Intimacy with Yahweh, have they who revere him, His covenant also, he letteth them know.
Intimacy with Yahweh, have they who revere him, His covenant also, he letteth them know.
So let him have dominion, From sea to sea, And from the River unto the ends of the earth;
So let him have dominion, From sea to sea, And from the River unto the ends of the earth; Before him, let the men of the desert kneel, But, as for his foes, the dust, let them lick;
Before him, let the men of the desert kneel, But, as for his foes, the dust, let them lick; The kings of Tarshish and of the Coastlands, A gift, let them render, The kings of Sheba and Seba, A present, let them bring;
The kings of Tarshish and of the Coastlands, A gift, let them render, The kings of Sheba and Seba, A present, let them bring;
For Zion's sake, will I not hold my peace, And for Jerusalem's sake, will I not rest, - Until her righteousness, go forth as brightness, And her salvation, as a torch that is lighted.
For Zion's sake, will I not hold my peace, And for Jerusalem's sake, will I not rest, - Until her righteousness, go forth as brightness, And her salvation, as a torch that is lighted.
And, when she shall pursue her lovers, and not overtake them, and shall seek them and not find, then will she say, Let me go my way now! and return unto my first husband, for it was better with me, then, than, now!
And, when she shall pursue her lovers, and not overtake them, and shall seek them and not find, then will she say, Let me go my way now! and return unto my first husband, for it was better with me, then, than, now!
Surely My Lord Yahweh, will do, nothing, - except he have disclosed his secret unto his servants, the prophets!
Surely My Lord Yahweh, will do, nothing, - except he have disclosed his secret unto his servants, the prophets!
And lo! thou shalt be silent, and not able to speak until the day when these things shall come to pass; because thou didst not believe in my words, - the which shall be fulfilled for their season.
And lo! thou shalt be silent, and not able to speak until the day when these things shall come to pass; because thou didst not believe in my words, - the which shall be fulfilled for their season.
And answering, the messenger said unto her - The Holy Spirit, shall come upon thee, and, the power of the Most High, shall overshadow thee; wherefore, even that which is to be born, Holy, shall be called, Son of God.
And answering, the messenger said unto her - The Holy Spirit, shall come upon thee, and, the power of the Most High, shall overshadow thee; wherefore, even that which is to be born, Holy, shall be called, Son of God. And lo! Elizabeth thy kinswoman, even she, hath conceived a son in, her old-age; - and, this month, is, the sixth, to her, the so-called barren one;
And lo! Elizabeth thy kinswoman, even she, hath conceived a son in, her old-age; - and, this month, is, the sixth, to her, the so-called barren one; Because no declaration from God, shall be void of power.
Because no declaration from God, shall be void of power. And Mary said - Lo! the handmaid of the Lord! Might it come to pass unto me, according to thy declaration. And the messenger departed from her.
And Mary said - Lo! the handmaid of the Lord! Might it come to pass unto me, according to thy declaration. And the messenger departed from her.
And, happy, is she who hath believed, that there shall be a perfecting of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord!
And, happy, is she who hath believed, that there shall be a perfecting of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord! And Mary said - My soul doth magnify the Lord,
And Mary said - My soul doth magnify the Lord, And my spirit hath exulted upon God my saviour;
And my spirit hath exulted upon God my saviour;
But, that the dead do rise, even Moses, disclosed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord - The God of Abraham and God of Isaac and God of Jacob:
But, that the dead do rise, even Moses, disclosed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord - The God of Abraham and God of Isaac and God of Jacob:
And, the Word, became, flesh, and pitched his tent among us, and we gazed upon his glory, - a glory, as an Only-begotten from his Father. Full of favour and truth.
And, the Word, became, flesh, and pitched his tent among us, and we gazed upon his glory, - a glory, as an Only-begotten from his Father. Full of favour and truth.
Abraham, your father, exulted that he should see my day; and he saw, and rejoiced.
Abraham, your father, exulted that he should see my day; and he saw, and rejoiced.
No longer, do I call you, servants, for, the servant, knoweth not what, his lord, is doing. But, you, I have called, friends, because, all things which I heard from my Father, made I known unto you.
No longer, do I call you, servants, for, the servant, knoweth not what, his lord, is doing. But, you, I have called, friends, because, all things which I heard from my Father, made I known unto you.
And said unto him - Get thee forth, out of thy land, and from among thy kindred, and come unto the land which, unto thee, I will point out.
And said unto him - Get thee forth, out of thy land, and from among thy kindred, and come unto the land which, unto thee, I will point out. Then, coming forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, he dwelt in Haran; and, from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, in which, ye, now dwell;
Then, coming forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, he dwelt in Haran; and, from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, in which, ye, now dwell;
And, though I have the gift of prophesying, and know all sacred secrets, and all knowledge, - and though I have all faith, so as to be removing mountains, and have not, love, I am, nothing;
And, though I have the gift of prophesying, and know all sacred secrets, and all knowledge, - and though I have all faith, so as to be removing mountains, and have not, love, I am, nothing;
But, we ourselves, within ourselves, have had the sentence of death, that we might not rest our confidence upon ourselves, but upon God, who raiseth the dead,
But, we ourselves, within ourselves, have had the sentence of death, that we might not rest our confidence upon ourselves, but upon God, who raiseth the dead, Who, out of so great a death, rescued us, and will rescue, - unto whom we have turned our hope, that, even yet, he will rescue:
Who, out of so great a death, rescued us, and will rescue, - unto whom we have turned our hope, that, even yet, he will rescue:
Now, unto Abraham, were spoken the promises - and unto his seed; - He saith not - and unto thy seeds, as of many, but, as of one - and unto thy seed, which is Christ:
Now, unto Abraham, were spoken the promises - and unto his seed; - He saith not - and unto thy seeds, as of many, but, as of one - and unto thy seed, which is Christ:
For it is written, that, Abraham, had two sons - one by the bondmaid, and one by the free woman;
For it is written, that, Abraham, had two sons - one by the bondmaid, and one by the free woman; But, he that was of the bondmaid, after the flesh, had been born, whereas, he that was of the free woman, through means of a promise.
But, he that was of the bondmaid, after the flesh, had been born, whereas, he that was of the free woman, through means of a promise. Which things, indeed, may bear another meaning; for, the same, are two covenants, - one, indeed, from Mount Sinai, into bondage, bringing forth, the which is Hagar, -
Which things, indeed, may bear another meaning; for, the same, are two covenants, - one, indeed, from Mount Sinai, into bondage, bringing forth, the which is Hagar, - And, the Hagar, is Mount Sinai, in Arabia, - she answereth, however, unto the present Jerusalem, for she is in bondage with her children;
And, the Hagar, is Mount Sinai, in Arabia, - she answereth, however, unto the present Jerusalem, for she is in bondage with her children; But, the Jerusalem above, is free, - the which is our mother;
But, the Jerusalem above, is free, - the which is our mother; For it is written - Be gladdened, O barren one! that wast not giving birth, break forth and shout, thou that wast not in birth-pains, - because, more, are the children of the deserted one, than of her that had the husband.
For it is written - Be gladdened, O barren one! that wast not giving birth, break forth and shout, thou that wast not in birth-pains, - because, more, are the children of the deserted one, than of her that had the husband. And, we, brethren, after the manner of Isaac, are children of a promise.
And, we, brethren, after the manner of Isaac, are children of a promise. But, just as, then, he that after the manner of the flesh had been born, did persecute him who had been born after the manner of the Spirit, thus, also now.
But, just as, then, he that after the manner of the flesh had been born, did persecute him who had been born after the manner of the Spirit, thus, also now. But, what saith the scripture? Cast out the serving woman and her son; for in nowise shall the son of the serving woman inherit with the son of the free.
But, what saith the scripture? Cast out the serving woman and her son; for in nowise shall the son of the serving woman inherit with the son of the free. Wherefore, brethren, we are not children of a serving woman, but of the free: -
Wherefore, brethren, we are not children of a serving woman, but of the free: -
For, in Christ Jesus, neither, circumcision, availeth anything, nor uncircumcision, but faith, through love, energising.
For, in Christ Jesus, neither, circumcision, availeth anything, nor uncircumcision, but faith, through love, energising.
For, when to Abraham God made promise, seeing he had no one greater by whom to swear, He sware, by himself, -
For, when to Abraham God made promise, seeing he had no one greater by whom to swear, He sware, by himself, -
Wherein God, being, more abundantly disposed to shew forth unto the heirs of the promise the unchangeableness of his counsel, mediated, with an oath, -
Wherein God, being, more abundantly disposed to shew forth unto the heirs of the promise the unchangeableness of his counsel, mediated, with an oath, -
By faith, being called, Abraham obeyed - to come forth into a place he was destined to receive for an inheritance; and he came forth, not well knowing whither he was coming.
By faith, being called, Abraham obeyed - to come forth into a place he was destined to receive for an inheritance; and he came forth, not well knowing whither he was coming. By faith, he sojourned in the land of promise, as a foreign land, in tents, dwelling, along with Isaac and Jacob, the joint-heirs of the same promise;
By faith, he sojourned in the land of promise, as a foreign land, in tents, dwelling, along with Isaac and Jacob, the joint-heirs of the same promise; For he was awaiting the city having foundations, whose architect and builder is, God.
For he was awaiting the city having foundations, whose architect and builder is, God.
But, now, after a better one, are they reaching, that is, a heavenly; wherefore God is not ashamed of them, to be invoked as, their God, - for he hath prepared for them, a city.
But, now, after a better one, are they reaching, that is, a heavenly; wherefore God is not ashamed of them, to be invoked as, their God, - for he hath prepared for them, a city. By faith, Abraham, when tested, offered up Isaac, and, the only-begotten, would he have offered up, who the promises had accepted, -
By faith, Abraham, when tested, offered up Isaac, and, the only-begotten, would he have offered up, who the promises had accepted, - Even him of whom it had been said - In Isaac, shall there be called to thee, a seed:
Even him of whom it had been said - In Isaac, shall there be called to thee, a seed: Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.
Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.
Abraham our father, was it not, by works, he was declared righteous - when he offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
Abraham our father, was it not, by works, he was declared righteous - when he offered Isaac his son upon the altar? Thou seest that, his faith, had been working together with his works, and by his works did his faith become full-grown, -
Thou seest that, his faith, had been working together with his works, and by his works did his faith become full-grown, - And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
Remember, therefore, whence thou hast fallen, and repent, and do, thy first works; otherwise, I come unto thee, and will remove thy lamp out of its place, except thou repent.
Remember, therefore, whence thou hast fallen, and repent, and do, thy first works; otherwise, I come unto thee, and will remove thy lamp out of its place, except thou repent.
Hastings
Abram and Abraham are the two forms in which the name of the first patriarch was handed down in Hebrew tradition. The change of name recorded in Ge 17:5 (Priestly Narrative) is a harmonistic theory, which involves an impossible etymology, and cannot be regarded as historical. Of Abraham no better explanation has been suggested than that it is possibly a dialectic or orthographic variation of Abram, which in the fuller forms Abir
See Verses Found in Dictionary
These, then are the generations of Terah, Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran, - and, Haran, begat Lot; and Haran died, in the presence of Terah his father, - in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
And Yahweh said unto Abram: Come thou on thy way, Out of thy land and out of the place of thy birth and out of the house of thy father, - Unto the land that I will show thee; That I may make thee into a great nation, And bless thee and make great thy name, And become thou a blessing; read more. That I may bless them who bless thee, But him who maketh light of thee, will I curse, - So shall be, blessed in thee, all the families of the ground. And Abram came on his way, according to that which Yahweh had spoken unto him, and Lot came with him, - now, Abram, was seventy-five years old, when he came forth out of Haran. And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, with all the goods that they bad gathered and the souls that they had gained in Haran, - and they came forth to go towards the land of Canaan, and came in to the land of Canaan. And Abram passed along throughout the land, as far as the place of Shechem as far as the Teacher's Terebinth, the Canaanite being then in the land. And Yahweh appeared unto Abram, and said: To thy seed, will I give this land, - And he built there an altar, unto Yahweh who appeared unto him. And he moved on from thence towards the hill country, on the east of Bethel and pitched his tent, - with Bethel on the west, and Ai on the east, and bulk there an altar to Yahweh, and called on the name of Yahweh.
And it came to pass that there was a famine, in the land, - so Abram went down towards Egypt, to sojourn there, because grievous, was the famine in the land.
And it came to pass that there was a famine, in the land, - so Abram went down towards Egypt, to sojourn there, because grievous, was the famine in the land. And it came to pass when he had come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife: Behold! I beseech thee I know that a woman fair to look on, thou art:
And it came to pass when he had come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife: Behold! I beseech thee I know that a woman fair to look on, thou art: so will it come to pass when the Egyptians behold thee, that they will say, His wife, this! and will slay me while thee, they preserve alive.
so will it come to pass when the Egyptians behold thee, that they will say, His wife, this! and will slay me while thee, they preserve alive. Say, I beseech thee that my sister, art thou, - to the end it may be well with me for thy sake, so shall my soul be preserved alive because of thee.
Say, I beseech thee that my sister, art thou, - to the end it may be well with me for thy sake, so shall my soul be preserved alive because of thee. And so it was when Abram entered into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman, that fair, was she exceedingly.
And so it was when Abram entered into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman, that fair, was she exceedingly. And the princes of Pharaoh beheld her, and praised her unto Pharaoh, - so the woman was taken to the house of Pharaoh;
And the princes of Pharaoh beheld her, and praised her unto Pharaoh, - so the woman was taken to the house of Pharaoh; and with Abram, dealt he well for her sake, - so that he came to have flocks and herds and he-asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she-asses and camels.
and with Abram, dealt he well for her sake, - so that he came to have flocks and herds and he-asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she-asses and camels. And Yahweh plagued Pharaoh with great plagues, also his house, - for the matter of Sarai, wife of Abram.
And Yahweh plagued Pharaoh with great plagues, also his house, - for the matter of Sarai, wife of Abram. And Pharaoh called out to Abram, and said, What is this thou hast done to me? Wherefore didst thou not tell me, that she was, thy wife?
And Pharaoh called out to Abram, and said, What is this thou hast done to me? Wherefore didst thou not tell me, that she was, thy wife? Wherefore saidst thou My sister, she; and so I was about to take her to me, to wife? But now, lo! thy wife take her and go thy way.
Wherefore saidst thou My sister, she; and so I was about to take her to me, to wife? But now, lo! thy wife take her and go thy way. And Pharaoh gave command concerning him unto certain men, - and sent him away, with his wife and all that he had.
And Pharaoh gave command concerning him unto certain men, - and sent him away, with his wife and all that he had.
And he said unto him, - I, am Yahweh, who brought thee forth out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it.
And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing! So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac. read more. And the word was very grievous in the eyes of Abraham, - on account of his son. And God said unto Abraham Let it not be grievous in thine eyes concerning the boy and concerning thy bondwoman, In all that Sarah may say unto thee, hearken to her voice, - For in Isaac, shall there be called to thee - a seed. Yet even the son of the bondwoman, will I appoint to become, a nation, because thy seed, he is. So Abraham rose up early in the morning - and took bread and a skin of water and gave unto hagar, - putting them on her shoulder and the child, and sent her forth, - so she went her way and wandered, in the desert of Beer-sheba. And the water out of the skin was spent, - so she cant the child under one of the shrubs; and went and sat her down over against him at a distance like as of such as draw the bow, for she said Let me not look upon the death of the child, - So she sat down over against him, and the boy lifted up his voice, and wept And God heard the voice of the boy, and a messenger of God called unto Hagar out of the heavens; and said to her, What aileth thee, Hagar? Do not fear, for God hath hearkened unto the voice of the boy where he is. Arise lift up the boy, and hold him up with thy hand, - for, a great nation, will I make him. And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water, - and went and filled the skin with water, and gave drink unto the boy And it came to pass that God was with the boy, and he grew, - and dwelt in the desert, and he became as he grew up, an archer, And he dwelt in the desert of Paran, - and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.
And Abraham took another wife and her name, was Keturah;
And they stretched their habitations from Havilah as far as to Shur, which is over against Egypt, as thou goest in towards Assyria, - over against all his brethren, he settled down.
Morish
A'braham
Son of Terah and grandson of Nahor, the seventh descendant from Shem. His name was at first ABRAM, 'father of elevation;' but was altered by God into ABRAHAM, 'father of a multitude.' In this name (Abraham) the blessing of the Gentiles is secured by God. The family dwelt in Ur of the Chaldees, and were idolaters. Jos 24:2. Abraham was the first to receive a definite call from God to leave not only the idolatrous nation to which his ancestors belonged, but to leave his kindred and his father's house and to go into a land that God would show him. God would bless him and make him a blessing, and bless all who blessed him and would curse all who cursed him. Ge 12:1-3. He thus became the depositary of God's promise and blessing. Abraham at first only partially obeyed the call: he left Ur and went to dwell at Haran, in Mesopotamia (Charran in Ac 7:4), but with his father and kindred; and did not enter Canaan until the death of his father. When in the land God promised that unto his seed He would give the land. Abraham built an altar, and called upon the name of Jehovah. A famine occurring in the land Abraham went to sojourn in Egypt, and for want of faith he called Sarai his sister and she was taken into the house of Pharaoh, but the Lord protected her, and Abraham with his wife was sent away with a rebuke. When near Bethel he could again call on the name of the Lord. He had now become so rich in cattle that disputes arose between his herdsmen and those of Lot, and Abraham asked Lot to choose where he would sojourn, if he went to the right Abraham would go to the left; and they separated. Again Jehovah declared that as far as Abraham's eye could reach in all directions the land should belong to his seed. The next recorded event is that Lot was taken prisoner and carried to the north. Abraham pursued the enemy and recovered all. He refused to take even a thread of the spoil from the king of Sodom: he would not be made rich from such a source; but he was blessed by Melchisedec, king of Salem, the priest of the most high God, who brought forth bread and wine: to whom Abraham gave tenths of all. See MELCHISEDEC. God now revealed Himself to Abraham as His shield and exceeding great reward.
When Abraham lamented to God that he had no son, God declared that he should have a son, and that his seed should be as the stars of the heaven for multitude. Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness. This is the first time that faith is spoken of. Still he asked whereby should he know that his seed should possess the land, and was told to take a heifer, a she goat, and a ram, all of three years old, a turtle dove and a young pigeon. These he divided in the midst, except the birds, and laid them one against another. When the sun went down a smoking furnace and a burning lamp passed between the pieces: type of the fire that consumes the dross, and a light for the path. The same day God made a covenant with Abraham that to his seed should the land be given from the river of Egypt to the great river Euphrates : cf. Jer 34:18-19: it had been ratified in death, a type of Christ. When Abraham had fallen into a deep sleep, he was informed that his seed should be in a strange land, and be afflicted 400 years. Gen. 15 See ISRAEL IN EGYPT.
Abraham had believed that God would give him a son, but now he waits not God's time, and at Sarai's suggestion he associates with Hagar, a bondmaid, and Ishmael is born, Gen. 16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And Yahweh said unto Abram: Come thou on thy way, Out of thy land and out of the place of thy birth and out of the house of thy father, - Unto the land that I will show thee; That I may make thee into a great nation, And bless thee and make great thy name, And become thou a blessing; read more. That I may bless them who bless thee, But him who maketh light of thee, will I curse, - So shall be, blessed in thee, all the families of the ground.
So shall all the nations of the earth bless themselves in thy seed, - Because thou didst hearken unto my voice.
Then said Joshua unto all the people - Thus, saith Yahweh, God of Israel, Beyond the River, dwelt your fathers from age-past times, unto Terah, father of Abraham, and father of Nahor, - and they served other gods.
Art not, thou, our God, who didst dispossess the inhabitants of this land, from before thy people Israel, - and didst give it unto the seed of Abraham who loved thee, unto times age-abiding?
But, thou, Israel, my Servant, Jacob whom I have chosen, - The seed of Abraham my loving one;
and will give the men who are transgressing my covenant, in that they have not confirmed the words of the covenant, which they solemnised, before me, when they cut the calf, in twain, and passed between the parts thereof; even the princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs and the priests, and all the people of the land, - who passed between the parts of the calf,
Ye, are, friends of mine, if ye be doing that which, I, am commanding you. No longer, do I call you, servants, for, the servant, knoweth not what, his lord, is doing. But, you, I have called, friends, because, all things which I heard from my Father, made I known unto you.
Then, coming forth out of the land of the Chaldeans, he dwelt in Haran; and, from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, in which, ye, now dwell;
For this cause, it is by faith, in order that it may be by way of favour, so that the promise is firm unto all the seed, - not unto that by the law only, but unto that also which is such by the faith of Abraham; who is father of us all, -
In order that, unto the nations, the blessing of Abraham, might come about in Jesus Christ, - in order that, the promise of the Spirit, we might receive through means of the faith. Brethren! in human fashion, am I speaking: yet still, a man's confirmed covenant, no one setteth aside or addeth unto: read more. Now, unto Abraham, were spoken the promises - and unto his seed; - He saith not - and unto thy seeds, as of many, but, as of one - and unto thy seed, which is Christ: And, this, I say - a covenant previously confirmed by God, the law which, after four hundred and thirty years, hath been brought into being, doth not annul, so as to do away with the promise. For, if, by law, is the inheritance, it is, no longer, by promise; but, unto Abraham, through promise, hath God favoured it.
Now, if, ye, are of Christ, by consequence ye are, Abraham's seed, according to promise, heirs.
For it is written, that, Abraham, had two sons - one by the bondmaid, and one by the free woman; But, he that was of the bondmaid, after the flesh, had been born, whereas, he that was of the free woman, through means of a promise. read more. Which things, indeed, may bear another meaning; for, the same, are two covenants, - one, indeed, from Mount Sinai, into bondage, bringing forth, the which is Hagar, - And, the Hagar, is Mount Sinai, in Arabia, - she answereth, however, unto the present Jerusalem, for she is in bondage with her children; But, the Jerusalem above, is free, - the which is our mother; For it is written - Be gladdened, O barren one! that wast not giving birth, break forth and shout, thou that wast not in birth-pains, - because, more, are the children of the deserted one, than of her that had the husband. And, we, brethren, after the manner of Isaac, are children of a promise. But, just as, then, he that after the manner of the flesh had been born, did persecute him who had been born after the manner of the Spirit, thus, also now. But, what saith the scripture? Cast out the serving woman and her son; for in nowise shall the son of the serving woman inherit with the son of the free. Wherefore, brethren, we are not children of a serving woman, but of the free: -
By faith, he sojourned in the land of promise, as a foreign land, in tents, dwelling, along with Isaac and Jacob, the joint-heirs of the same promise;
And the scripture was fulfilled which saith - And Abraham believed God, And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, and, God's friend, was he called:
Smith
A'braham
(father of a multitude) was the son of Terah, and founder of the great Hebrew nation. (B.C. 1996-1822.) His family, a branch of the descendants of Shem, was settled in Ur of the Chaldees, beyond the Euphrates, where Abraham was born. Terah had two other sons, Nahor and Haran. Haran died before his father in Ur of the Chaldees, leaving a son, Lot; and Terah, taking with him Abram, with Sarai his wife and his grandson Lot, emigrated to Haran in Mesopotamia, where he died. On the death of his father, Abram, then in the 75th year of his age, with Sarai and Lot, pursued his course to the land of Canaan, whither he was directed by divine command,
when he received the general promise that he should become the founder of a great nation, and that all the families of the earth should be blessed in him. He passed through the heart of the country by the great highway to Shechem, and pitched his tent beneath the terebinth of Moreh.
Here he received in vision from Jehovah the further revelation that this was the land which his descendants should inherit.
The next halting-place of the wanderer was on a mountain between Bethel and Ai,
but the country was suffering from famine, and Abram journeyed still southward to the rich cornlands of Egypt. There, fearing that the great beauty of Sarai might tempt the powerful monarch of Egypt and expose his own life to peril, he arranged that Sarai should represent herself as his sister, which her actual relationship to him, as probably the daughter of his brother Haran, allowed her to do with some semblance of truth. But her beauty was reported to the king, and she was taken into the royal harem. The deception was discovered, and Pharaoh with some indignation dismissed Abram from the country.
He left Egypt with great possessions, and, accompanied by Lot, returned by the south of Palestine to his former encampment between Bethel and Ai. The increased wealth of the two kinsmen was the ultimate cause of their separation. Lot chose the fertile plain of the Jordan near Sodom, while Abram pitched his tent among the groves of Mamre, close to Hebron.
... Lot with his family and possessions having been carried away captive by Chedorlaomer king of Elam, who had invaded Sodom, Abram pursued the conquerors and utterly routed them not far from Damascus. The captives and plunder were all recovered, and Abram was greeted on his return by the king of Sodom, and by Melchizedek king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who mysteriously appears upon the scene to bless the patriarch and receive from him a tenth of the spoil.
... After this the thrice-repeated promise that his descendants should become a mighty nation and possess the land in which he was a stranger was confirmed with all the solemnity of a religious ceremony.
... Ten years had passed since he had left his father's house, and the fulfillment of the promise was apparently more distant than at first. At the suggestion of Sarai, who despaired of having children of her own, he took as his concubine Hagar, her Egyptian main, who bore him Ishmael in the 86th year of his age.
... [HAGAR; ISHMAEL] But this was not the accomplishment of the promise. Thirteen years elapsed, during which Abram still dwelt in Hebron, when the covenant was renewed, and the rite of circumcision established as its sign. This most important crisis in Abram's life, when he was 99 years old, is marked by the significant change of his name to Abraham, "father of a multitude;" while his wife's from Sarai became Sarah. The promise that Sarah should have a son was repeated in the remarkable scene described in ch. 18. Three men stood before Abraham as he sat in his tent door in the heat of the day. The patriarch, with true Eastern hospitality, welcomed the strangers, and bade them rest and refresh themselves. The meal ended, they foretold the birth of Isaac, and went on their way to Sodom. Abraham accompanied them, and is represented as an interlocutor in a dialogue with Jehovah, in which he pleaded in vain to avert the vengeance threatened to the devoted cities of the plain.
See Hagar
See Ishmael
In remarkable contrast with Abraham's firm faith with regard to the magnificent fortunes of his posterity stand the incident which occurred during his temporary residence among the Philistines in Gerar, whither he had for some cause removed after the destruction of Sodom. It was almost a repetition of what took place in Egypt a few years before. At length Isaac, the long-looked for child, was born. Sarah's jealousy aroused by the mockery of Ishmael at the "great banquet" which Abram made to celebrate the weaning of her son,
demanded that, with his mother Hagar, he should be driven out.
But the severest trial of his faith was yet to come. For a long period the history is almost silent. At length he receives the strange command to take Isaac, his only son, and offer him for a burnt offering at an appointed place Abraham hesitated not to obey. His faith, hitherto unshaken, supported him in this final trial, "accounting that God was able to raise up his son, even from the dead, from whence also he received him in a figure."
The sacrifice was stayed by the angel of Jehovah, the promise of spiritual blessing made for the first time, and Abraham with his son returned to Beersheba, and for a time dwelt there.
... But we find him after a few years in his original residence at Hebron, for there Sarah died,
and was buried in the cave of Machpelah. The remaining years of Abraham's life are marked by but few incidents. After Isaac's marriage with Rebekah and his removal to Lahai-roi, Abraham took to wife Keturah, by whom he had six children, Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbok and Shuah, who became the ancestors of nomadic tribes inhabiting the countries south and southeast of Palestine. Abraham lived to see the gradual accomplishment of the promise in the birth of his grandchildren Jacob and Esau, and witnessed their growth to manhood.
At the goodly age of 175 he was "gathered to his people," and laid beside Sarah in the tomb of Machpelah by his sons Isaac and Ishmael.
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And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, with all the goods that they bad gathered and the souls that they had gained in Haran, - and they came forth to go towards the land of Canaan, and came in to the land of Canaan. And Abram passed along throughout the land, as far as the place of Shechem as far as the Teacher's Terebinth, the Canaanite being then in the land. read more. And Yahweh appeared unto Abram, and said: To thy seed, will I give this land, - And he built there an altar, unto Yahweh who appeared unto him. And he moved on from thence towards the hill country, on the east of Bethel and pitched his tent, - with Bethel on the west, and Ai on the east, and bulk there an altar to Yahweh, and called on the name of Yahweh.
And it came to pass that there was a famine, in the land, - so Abram went down towards Egypt, to sojourn there, because grievous, was the famine in the land. And it came to pass when he had come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife: Behold! I beseech thee I know that a woman fair to look on, thou art: read more. so will it come to pass when the Egyptians behold thee, that they will say, His wife, this! and will slay me while thee, they preserve alive. Say, I beseech thee that my sister, art thou, - to the end it may be well with me for thy sake, so shall my soul be preserved alive because of thee. And so it was when Abram entered into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman, that fair, was she exceedingly. And the princes of Pharaoh beheld her, and praised her unto Pharaoh, - so the woman was taken to the house of Pharaoh; and with Abram, dealt he well for her sake, - so that he came to have flocks and herds and he-asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she-asses and camels. And Yahweh plagued Pharaoh with great plagues, also his house, - for the matter of Sarai, wife of Abram. And Pharaoh called out to Abram, and said, What is this thou hast done to me? Wherefore didst thou not tell me, that she was, thy wife? Wherefore saidst thou My sister, she; and so I was about to take her to me, to wife? But now, lo! thy wife take her and go thy way. And Pharaoh gave command concerning him unto certain men, - and sent him away, with his wife and all that he had.
So Abram came up out of Egypt he and his wife and all that he had and Lot with him, towards the South.
And it came to pass, in the days of Amraphel, king of Shinar, Arioch, king of Ellasar, - Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goim,
After these things, came the word of Yahweh unto Abram, in a vision saying, - Do not fear Abram, am a shield to thee, thine exceeding great reward.
But Sarai, Abram's wife, had borne him no children, - she had, however, an Egyptian handmaid, whose name was Hagar.
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian woman whom she had borne to Abraham laughing! So she said to Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, - for the son of this bondwoman must not inherit with my son with Isaac.
And it cared to pass after these things, that God, did prove Abraham, - and he said unto him, Abraham! And he said Behold me!
And Sarah died in Kiriath-arba, the same, is Hebron in the land of Canaan, - and Abraham went in to wail for Sarah and to weep for her.
Now, these, are the days of the years of the life of Abraham which he lived - a hundred and seventy-five years. So Abraham breathed his last, and died in a fine old age, old and satisfied, - and was gathered unto his people, read more. And Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him, in the cave of Machpelah, - in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite, which is over against Mamre; the field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth, - there, was buried Abraham, with Sarah his wife.
And, after that, came forth his brother with his hand fast hold of the heel of Esau, so they called his name Jacob - Now, Isaac, was sixty years old when she bare them,
Accounting that, even from among the dead, God, was able, to raise him , - whence, even in similitude, he bare him away.