Semister Assignement: Composite Structure: K, 1 K, 2 K, 1 K, 2

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

1. Check The Vertical Shear Vv,Rd Of A Composite Slab Over A Width Equal To The
Distance Between Centers Of Ribs, According To The New ES EN 1994-1-1:2015

Typical cross section of CF 70/0.9 profiled steel sheeting

GIVEN DATAS
Actions:
Weight of composite slab: 2.41 kN /m2
Dead load (Permanent action) gk , 1=¿
Floor and ceiling finish: gk , 2=¿ 1.2 kN /m 2
Working load: q k ,1=¿ 1.5 kN /m2
Live Load (Variable load)
Imposed floor load: q k ,2=¿ 5 kN /m2

Properties of material
Profiled steel sheeting:

t p=0.86 mm f yp =280 N / mm2 ❑u , Rd=0.23 N /mm2

h p =70 mm f yp 2 e = 30 mm
f yp, d= =254.54 N /mm
1.1
A p =A pe 1185mm2 /m M pa=4.92 kNm /m ep = 33 mm

I p=0.57∗106 mm4 /m V pa=49.2 kN /m

E p =210000 N /mm2 m = 184N/mm2; k = 0.0530 N/mm2

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

Concrete properties:
f ck =25 N /mm 2

0.85 f ck N
f cd = =14.2
ϒc mm2

Check for vertical shear resistance


 According to 9.7.5, ES EN 1994-1-1:2015, the vertical shear resistance, V v , Rd should be
determined according to the method given in ES EN 1992-1-1. According to clause 6.2.2,
ES EN 1992-1-1:2015, the design shear resistance V v , Rd is calculated as:
1
[ 3
]
V v , Rd =V Rd , c = C Rd , c∗k∗( 100∗ρ1∗f ck ) +k 1∗σ cp ∗b w∗d p ≥ V v , Rd ,min

But the V v , Rd , min is:


V v , Rd , min =( v min +k 1∗σ cp)*b w∗d p

The minimum requirement for V v , Rd is related to the fact that the member without reinforcement
still has shear resistance. According to clause 6.2.2(1), ES EN 1992-1-1 the value needed for
calculation 0f V v , Rd are
0.18 0.18
Crd , c= = =0.12
γc 1.5

200
K=1+
√ dp
≤2

200 200
K=1+
√ dp
=1+

120
=2.29 adopt K=2

A sl
ρ 1= ≤ 0.02
b w∗d p

The sheeting can be treated as reinforcement. i.e. A sl =A pe =1185mm2 /m in accordance with


figure 1 the smallest width of the cross-section in the tensile area b w is calculated per meter width
as follows:

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

b 1000
b w = ∗bo= ∗162=540 mm /m
bs 300

The percentage of longitudinal reinforcement is:


A sl
ρ 1= ≤ 0.02
b w∗d p
1185
ρ 1= =0.0183
540∗120
N Ed
The design axial force is N Ed=0 and therefor σ cp= =0
Ac

According to clause 6.2.2(1), ES EN 1992-1-1 the design shear resistance V v , Rd is:


1
[ ]
V v , Rd =V Rd , c = C Rd , c∗k∗( 100∗ρ1∗f ck ) +k 1∗σ cp ∗b w∗d p ,where k 1=0.15,
3

1
=[ 0.12∗2∗( 100∗0.0183∗25 ) +0.15∗0 ]∗540∗120∗10
3 −3
V v , Rd =V Rd , c

V v , Rd =55.62kN /m

The minimum value is:


V v , Rd , min =( v min +k 1∗σ cp)*b w∗d p
3 1 3 1
v min=0.035∗k 2∗f ck2 =0.035∗2 2∗25 2 =0.49 N /mm2

V v , Rd , min =( 0.49+0.15∗0 )∗540∗120∗10−3=31.752 kN /m<V v ,Rd =55.62 kN / m

Generally, the check is carried out as:


V Ed
≤1
V v , Rd

Since it is unlikely that the profiled steel sheet can satisfy the requirement of “full anchorage”,
the design shear resistance is equal to the minimum value:
V v , Rd =V v , Rd ,min =31.752 kN /m

Also, the required condition is satisfied since that is


V v , Rd =V v , Rd ,min =31.752 kN /m>V Ed =28.3 kN /m …………….OK

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

2. Construct Partial-Interaction Diagram For The Profiled Sheeting In The


Composite Slab

First lets check the using m-k test for its capacity
Using the m-k test

Vv ,rd=
b∗dp |mAp
bLs | = 26.17KN/m <Vsd =28.3KN/m…………Not Ok
+k

γvs
Therefore using this method the slab is not ok.

For composite slabs with ductile behavior, the partial connection method can be used for the
verification of the resistance to longitudinal shear, clause 9.7.3(8), ES EN 1994-1-1.

The shear span required for full shear connection is determined as:
N c =❑u , Rd ∗b∗Lx ≤ N c, f

The distance to the nearest support, L x , required for full shear connection may be determined by:
N c, f A p∗f yd
Lsf = =
b∗❑u , Rd b∗❑u , Rd
1185∗254.54
Lsf = =1313 mm
1000∗0.23

The corresponding neutral axis depth for full shear connection


Pc=fcd∗1000∗95=1349 KN /m
Ap 1185 mm 2/m
Npa= = =302 KN /m
fyp , d 254.54 N /mm2
Since Pc>Npa, the NA lies in the concrete component
Ncf =Npa=302 KN /m

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

Ncf
NA depth Xf = =21.3 mm
fcd
33.024 KNm
Mpl , rd=Ncf ( dp−0.5 Xf )=302 ( 0.12−0.0213∗0.5 ) = > Med … .. ok
m

At a distance L x ( ¿ Lsf ) from support, the degree of shear connection is given by:
N c Lx X c
¿ = =
N cf Lxf X f

For partial shear connection the lever arm z is calculated as (9.9), ES EN 1994-1-1
Nc
z=h−0.5 x c −e p+ ( e p−e )
N cf
N c Lx X c
z=h−0.5 x f −e p + ( e p −e ) because ¿ = =
N cf Lxf X f

With h=150 mm , e p =33 mm , e=30 mm∧x f =21.3 ,the lever arm z is :


z=117−7.65 mm
The reduced resistance moment of the composite slab is:
Nc
M pr=1.25 M pa 1− ( )
N cf
≤ M pa

M pr=5.59 ¿

5.59−4.47
So that, ≥ =0.2
5.59
According to Figure 9.6, ES EN 1994-1-1, the plastic resistance moment is given by:
M Rd =N c∗z + M pr

M Rd =N c∗z + M pr

For region ≥ 0.2, the Plastic moment resistance is given as:


302
M Rd =¿ ∗( 117−7.65 )+ 5.59¿
1000
302
M Rd = ( 117−7.65❑2 ) +5.59−5.59
1000

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

M Rd =5.59+29.744−2.31❑2 ……………………….

For ¿ 0.2, the Plastic moment resistance is given as:


M Rd =N c∗z + M pr

302
M Rd = ( 117−7.65❑2 ) +4.47
1000

M Rd =4.47+ 35.334−2.31❑2

¿ Nc/ Nf M Rd M Rd /M pl , Rd
0 4.47 0.135356105
0.1 7.9803 0.241651526
0.2 11.4464 0.346608527
0.3 14.3053 0.4331789
0.4 17.118 0.518350291
0.5 19.8845 0.602122699
0.6 22.6048 0.684496124
0.7 25.2789 0.765470567
0.8 27.9068 0.845046027
0.9 30.4885 0.923222505
1 33.024 1

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

PARTIAL INTERACTION DIAGRAM


1.2

0.8
𝑀_𝑅𝑑/𝑀_(𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
 =𝑁𝑐/𝑁𝑓

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

3. Rework Part B (Partial Interaction Method) With ❑u , Rd =0.151 N /mm2 Instead Of


❑u , Rd=0.23 N /mm2

For composite slabs with ductile behavior, the partial connection method can be used for the
verification of the resistance to longitudinal shear, clause 9.7.3(8), ES EN 1994-1-1.
The shear span required for full shear connection is determined as:
N c =❑u , Rd ∗b∗Lx ≤ N c, f

The distance to the nearest support, L x , required for full shear connection may be determined by:
N c, f A p∗f yd
Lsf = =
b∗❑u , Rd b∗❑u , Rd
1185∗254.54
Lsf = =1997 mm=2000 mm
1000∗0.151
The corresponding neutral axis depth for full shear connection X f =21.3 mm

At a distance L x ( ¿ Lsf ) from support, the degree of shear connection is given by:
N c Lx X c
¿ = =
N cf Lxf X f

According to clause 9.7.3(7), ES EN 1994-1-1, the verification is carried out using the simplified
partial interaction diagram, and for any cross-section along the span it has to be shown that the
corresponding design bending moment, MEd, does not exceed the design resistance moment M Rd.
This criterion can be written as:
M Ed (L )
x
≤1
M Rd (L )
x

For partial shear connection the lever arm z is calculated as (9.9), ES EN 1994-1-1
Nc
z=h−0.5 x c −e p+ ( e p−e )
N cf

z=h−0.5 x f −e p + ( e p −e )

N c Lx X c
because ¿ = =
N cf Lxf X f

With h=150 mm , e p =33 mm , e=30 mm , L xf =2m∧x f =21.3 , thelever arm z is:

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

z=117−3.825 Lx mm

The reduced resistance moment of the composite slab is:


Nc
M pr=1.25 M pa 1−( )
N cf
≤ M pa

M pr=5.59 ( 1−0.5 L x ) ≤ 4.47

So
5.59−4.47
Lx ≥ =0.4
2.795
Lx
η= , Lx=1.997 η mm
Lf
According to Figure 9.6, ES EN 1994-1-1, the plastic resistance moment is given by:
M Rd =N c∗z + M pr

M Rd =¿ N c ,f ∗z + M pr

302
M Rd =¿ ∗( 117−7.65 )+ 5.59¿
1000
302
M Rd = ( 117−7.65❑2 ) +5.59−5.59
1000

M Rd =5.59+14.872 L x −0.5775 Lx 2 for region ≥ 0.4

For ¿ 0.4, the plastic resistance moment is:


M Rd =N c∗z + M pr

302
M Rd = ( 117−7.65❑2 ) +4.47
1000

M Rd =4.47+ 17.667 L x −0.5775 Lx 2

The longitudinal shear resistance of the slab, expressed by its design resistance moment, M Rd (L ), x

found from the design shear strength, ❑u , Rd, and the design bending moment from applied loads,
M Ed (L ), are plotted in the Figure below.
x

¿ Nc/ Nf Lx=2∗η M pr M Rd M Rd /M pl , Rd
0 0 4.47 4.47 0.135356
0.1 0.2 4.47 7.9803 0.241652

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

0.2 0.4 4.47 11.4444 0.346548


0.3 0.6 3.913 14.8623 0.450045
0.4 0.8 3.354 17.118 0.51835
0.5 1 2.795 19.8845 0.602123
0.6 1.2 2.236 22.6048 0.684496
0.7 1.4 1.677 25.2789 0.765471
0.8 1.6 1.118 27.9068 0.845046
0.9 1.8 0.559 30.4885 0.923223
1 2 0 33.024 1

PARTIAL INTERACTION DIAGRAM


35

30

25
𝑀_𝑅𝑑/𝑀_(𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑)

20

15

10

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
 =𝑁𝑐/𝑁𝑓

4. Assuming the slab is not safe against the ultimate limit state in longitudinal shear,
calculate the degree of interaction due to end anchorage provided by ϕ19 headed stud
welded through the steel sheet (one dowel per rib) if the design resistance of the stud P bRd
governed by the bearing resistance of the sheet is equal to 5.0 kN.
 Degree of interaction
Pb,rd=Kϕ*do*t*fyp,d =10KN/each stud
The design shear resistance of the end anchorage is
Vl,Rd=ηPb,Rd
η=number of stud per m width=1000mm/150mm=6.67/m=7
Vl,Rd=7*10KN=70KN/m
The degree of shear connection
V i , Rd 70 KN
η 1 , d= = =0.168∨16.8 %
N cf 397.59 KN

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

5. According to Eurocode 4, the design resistance against longitudinal shear of slabs with
end anchorage, may be determined by the partial connection method with Nc increased
by the design resistance of the end anchorage. Check whether the end anchorage provided
in Assignment 4 is sufficient for the ultimate limit state in longitudinal shear.

Solution:-
M ed ( x )
Check ≤ 1.0 should be satisfied for each cross section
M Rd ( x )
W =1.35 DL +1.5≪¿
Q=14.13KN/m2…………………factored
Continuous slab consider as simply supported slab.
L=4m
Q=14.13KN/m……taking 1m strip
Draw shear force and bending (0.3m interval)
V ( x )+14.13 x=28.3
V ( x )=28.3−14.13 x

M ( x ) +14.13 x ( x2 )=28.3 x
M ( x )=28.3 x−7.065 x 2
Partial interaction method
Ncf
Lsf = =11.69 m
b . turd
@ distance Lx(<Lsf) from support, the degree of shear connection
Nc Lx Xc
η= = =
Ncf Lsf Xf
Moment resistance for partial shear connection

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

( ep−e ) N
Z=h−0.5 Xpl−ep+ … … … .. Apefyp=Ncf
Apefyp
Nc
Mpr=1.25 ( Mpa ) 1−( Ncf )
≤ Mpa (give n)

1.25Mpa(1-η)=Mpa
1.25(1-η)=1……………………..η=0.2
For 0 ≤ η ≤0.2 … … … Mpa(constant )
For η ≥ 0.2 … … … … … . Mpr
Lx
η=0.2 =0.2 Lx=0.2∗Lsf =0.2∗11.69=2.3 4
Lsf
6. 15 KNm 6. 15
Lx= 0 up to 2.338m => Mpr= = =5.591 KN . m
γa 1.1

Lx=2.338m-4.0m => Mpr=1.25 ( 6.15


1.1 )
∗(1−η) KN . m=6.987(1−η)

Moment capacity @ η=0


Lx=0 η=0 Nc=0
Mp , rd=NcZ + Mpr where , Nc=ηNcf , Mpr=1.25 Mpa(1−η)
Only capacity of profiled sheeting
6.15 KNm 6.15
Mp , rd= = Kn . m=5.59 KN . m
γa 1.1

Moment capacity @η=1.0


For full shear connection, the position of plastic neutral axis of composite Xpl is:
Ap. fyp, d
Xpl=
0.85 bfcd
280 254.54 N 25
Ap=1562mm2/m fyp, d= = b=1000m fcd= =16.67 …
1.1 mm 2 1.5
C25/30

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

254.54 N
Xpl=
(
( 1562 mm2 )
mm2 )
=28.059
14.2 N
( 0.85 )( 1000 )(
mm 2 )

The level arm Z is calculated:


( ep−e ) N Nc
Z=h−0.5 Xpl−ep+ … … … ..let =1
Apefyp Ncf
Xpl
Z=h−0.5 Xpl−ep+ ep−e=h−e−
2
Z=160mm-17mm-30.8/2mm=127.6mm
Therfore @ η=1 , Mpl,rd=Ncf*Z+Mpr(0)=Ncf*Z
Nc=tu,rd*b*Lx
Ncf=tu,rd*b*Lsf=34*10^-3N/mm2*1000mm*11.69*10^3mm =397.46KN
Therefore Mpl,rd=(397.46)(0.1276)KN-m/m=50.716KNm/m
Y=mx+b y=moment x=Lx
(0, 5.727) (11.69, 50.716)
Δy (50.716−5.727)
m= = =3.8485
Δx (11.69−0)
M (x)=3.8485 X +5.727
M ( 0 )=5.72 KN /m
M (11.69 )=50.716 KN /m

So we can draw Lx Vs Med


And Lx Vs Mrd (without end anchorage)
And Lx Vs Mrd (with end anchorage)
Longitudinal shear resistance with end anchorage
End anchorage is provided by welded studs
Vl ,rd
X =Vl , rd /Ncf = ……………………..MEd ≤ Mrd
b . turd

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

−Vi , rd 66.7 KN
Start @ = =−1.96 m
b .tu , rd 1 m∗34 KN / m2

Ncf −Vl , rd 397.59 KN −66.7 KN


= =9.203 m
Ends @ b . tu ,rd 34 KN
m
Therefore, (-1.96, 5.727)  (9.203, 50.716)
Δy 50.716−5.727
m= = =4.03
Δx 9.203−(−1.96)

M(x) = 4.03x+13.6258

According to the simplified partial interaction diagram, the above Figure, it is evident that the
required condition, that for each cross-section along the span Lx:
M Ed (L )
x
≤ 1 is not satisfied.
M Rd (L )
x

Assuming the slab is not safe against the ultimate limit state in longitudinal shear, calculate
the degree of interaction due to end anchorage provided by ф19 headed stud welded
through the steel sheet (one dowel per rib) if the design resistance of the stud P bRd governed
by the bearing resistance of the sheet is equal to 5.0 kN.
According to clause 9.7.4, ES EN 1994-1-1, the design resistance of a headed stud welded
through the steel sheeting profile used for end anchorage should be taken as the smallest of the
design shear resistance of the stud in accordance with 6.6.4.2, EN 1994-1-1, or the bearing
resistance of the sheet should be determined with the following expression:
P pb , Rd=k Ѱ∗d do∗t∗f yp, d

But the design resistance of the stud P pb , Rdgoverned by the bearing resistance of the sheet is
given as 5.0 kN
1000
one stud connector in one rib – =3.33 studs/m
300
The design shear resistance of the end anchorage is:
V l , Rd=3.33∗5=16.65 kN /m

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SEMISTER ASSIGNEMENT: COMPOSITE STRUCTURE MAR, 2021

The degree of shear connection is:


V l ,Rd 16.65
¿ = =0.055
N c ,f 302

According to Euro code 4, the design resistance against longitudinal shear of slabs with end
anchorage, may be determined by the partial connection method with N c increased by the design
resistance of the end anchorage. Check whether the end anchorage provided in Assignment 4 is
sufficient for the ultimate limit state in longitudinal shear.

POST GRADUATE PROGRAM IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING BY: BELAY BAYU 15

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