(Inggris) 4 Reasons To Learn A New Language - John McWhorter

The language I'm speaking right now
is on its way to becoming

the world's universal language,
for better or for worse.
Let's face it,
it's the language of the internet,
it's the language of finance,
it's the language of air traffic control,
of popular music,
diplomacy --
English is everywhere.
Now, Mandarin Chinese

is spoken by more people,
but more Chinese people

are learning English
than English speakers

are learning Chinese.
Last I heard,
there are two dozen universities

in China right now
teaching all in English.
English is taking over.
And in addition to that,
it's been predicted

that at the end of the century
almost all of the languages

that exist now --
there are about 6,000 --
will no longer be spoken.
There will only be some hundreds left.
And on top of that,
it's at the point where

instant translation of live speech
is not only possible,

but it gets better every year.
The reason I'm reciting

those things to you
is because I can tell

that we're getting to the point
where a question
is going to start being asked,
which is: Why should we

learn foreign languages --
other than if English

happens to be foreign to one?
Why bother to learn another one

when it's getting to the point
where almost everybody in the world

will be able to communicate in one?
I think there are a lot of reasons,
but I first want to address
the one that you're probably

most likely to have heard of,
because actually it's more

dangerous than you might think.
And that is the idea
that a language channels your thoughts,
that the vocabulary

and the grammar of different languages
gives everybody
a different kind of acid trip,
so to speak.
That is a marvelously enticing idea,
but it's kind of fraught.
So it's not that it's untrue completely.
So for example, in French and Spanish
the word for table is,

for some reason, marked as feminine.
So, "la table," "la mesa,"

you just have to deal with it.
It has been shown
that if you are a speaker

of one of those languages
and you happen to be asked
how you would imagine a table talking,
then much more often

than could possibly be an accident,
a French or a Spanish speaker
says that the table would talk

with a high and feminine voice.
So if you're French or Spanish,

to you, a table is kind of a girl,
as opposed to if you
are an English speaker.
It's hard not to love data like that,
and many people

will tell you that that means
that there's a worldview that you have

if you speak one of those languages.
But you have to watch out,
because imagine if somebody

put us under the microscope,
the us being those of us

who speak English natively.
What is the worldview from English?
So for example,
let's take an English speaker.
Up on the screen, that is Bono.
He speaks English.
I presume he has a worldview.
Now, that is Donald Trump.
In his way,
he speaks English as well.
(Laughter)
And here is Ms. Kardashian,

and she is an English speaker, too.
So here are three speakers

of the English language.
What worldview do those

three people have in common?
What worldview is shaped through

the English language that unites them?
It's a highly fraught concept.
And so gradual consensus is becoming

that language can shape thought,
but it tends to be in rather darling,

obscure psychological flutters.
It's not a matter of giving you

a different pair of glasses on the world.
Now, if that's the case,
then why learn languages?
If it isn't going to change

the way you think,
what would the other reasons be?
There are some.
One of them is that if you

want to imbibe a culture,
if you want to drink it in,

if you want to become part of it,
then whether or not

the language channels the culture --
and that seems doubtful --
if you want to imbibe the culture,
you have to control to some degree
the language that the culture

happens to be conducted in.
There's no other way.
There's an interesting
illustration of this.
I have to go slightly obscure,

but really you should seek it out.
There's a movie by the Canadian
film director Denys Arcand --
read out in English on the page,

"Dennis Ar-cand,"
if you want to look him up.
He did a film called "Jesus of Montreal."
And many of the characters
are vibrant, funny, passionate,

interesting French-Canadian,
French-speaking women.
There's one scene closest to the end,
where they have to take a friend

to an Anglophone hospital.
In the hospital,
they have to speak English.
Now, they speak English

but it's not their native language,
they'd rather not speak English.
And they speak it more slowly,
they have accents, they're not idiomatic.
Suddenly these characters

that you've fallen in love with
become husks of themselves,

they're shadows of themselves.
To go into a culture
and to only ever process people

through that kind of skrim curtain
is to never truly get the culture.
And so to the extent that hundreds

of languages will be left,
one reason to learn them
is because they are tickets

to being able to participate
in the culture of the people

who speak them,
just by virtue of the fact
that it is their code.
So that's one reason.
Second reason:
it's been shown
that if you speak two languages,

dementia is less likely to set in,
and that you are probably

a better multitasker.
And these are factors that set in early,
and so that ought to give you some sense
of when to give junior or juniorette

lessons in another language.
Bilingualism is healthy.
And then, third --
languages are just an awful lot of fun.
Much more fun than we're often told.
So for example,
Arabic: "kataba," he wrote,
"yaktubu," he writes, she writes.
"Uktub," write, in the imperative.
What do those things have in common?
All those things have in common
the consonants sitting

in the middle like pillars.
They stay still,
and the vowels

dance around the consonants.
Who wouldn't want to roll

that around in their mouths?
You can get that from Hebrew,
you can get that from Ethiopia's

main language, Amharic.
That's fun.
Or languages have different word orders.
Learning how to speak

with different word order
is like driving on the different side

of a street if you go to certain country,
or the feeling that you get when you

put Witch Hazel around your eyes
and you feel the tingle.
A language can do that to you.
So for example,
"The Cat in the Hat Comes Back,"
a book that I'm sure

we all often return to,
like "Moby Dick."
One phrase in it is,

"Do you know where I found him?
Do you know where he was?

He was eating cake in the tub,
Yes he was!"
Fine. Now, if you learn that

in Mandarin Chinese,
then you have to master,
"You can know, I did where him find?
He was tub inside gorging cake,
No mistake gorging chewing!"
That just feels good.
Imagine being able to do that

for years and years at a time.
Or, have you ever learned any Cambodian?
Me either, but if I did,
I would get to roll around in my mouth

not some baker's dozen of vowels
like English has,
but a good 30 different vowels

scooching and oozing around
in the Cambodian mouth
like bees in a hive.
That is what a language can get you.
And more to the point,
we live in an era when it's never been

easier to teach yourself another language.
It used to be that you had

to go to a classroom,
and there would be

some diligent teacher --
some genius teacher in there --
but that person was only

in there at certain times
and you had to go then,
and then was not most times.
You had to go to class.
If you didn't have that,

you had something called a record.
I cut my teeth on those.
There was only so much data on a record,
or a cassette,
or even that antique object known as a CD.
Other than that you had books

that didn't work,
that's just the way it was.
Today you can lay down --
lie on your living room floor,
sipping bourbon,
and teach yourself

any language that you want to
with wonderful sets

such as Rosetta Stone.
I highly recommend
the lesser known Glossika as well.
You can do it any time,
therefore you can do it more and better.
You can give yourself your morning

pleasures in various languages.
I take some "Dilbert" in various

languages every single morning;
it can increase your skills.
Couldn't have done it 20 years ago
when the idea of having

any language you wanted
in your pocket,
coming from your phone,
would have sounded like science fiction

to very sophisticated people.
So I highly recommend
that you teach yourself languages

other than the one that I'm speaking,
because there's never been

a better time to do it.
It's an awful lot of fun.
It won't change your mind,
but it will most certainly blow your mind.
Thank you very much.
(Applause)

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The language I'm speaking right now

is on its way to becoming

for better or for worse.

Let's face it,

it's the language of the internet,

it's the language of finance,

it's the language of air traffic control,

Now, Mandarin Chinese

but more Chinese people

than English speakers

there are two dozen universities

teaching all in English.

English is taking over.

And in addition to that,

it's been predicted

almost all of the languages

there are about 6,000 --

will no longer be spoken.

There will only be some hundreds left.

And on top of that,

it's at the point where

is not only possible,

The reason I'm reciting

is because I can tell

which is: Why should we

other than if English

Why bother to learn another one

where almost everybody in the world

I think there are a lot of reasons,

but I first want to address

the one that you're probably

because actually it's more

And that is the idea

that a language channels your thoughts,

that the vocabulary

That is a marvelously enticing idea,

but it's kind of fraught.

So it's not that it's untrue completely.

So for example, in French and Spanish

the word for table is,

So, "la table," "la mesa,"

that if you are a speaker

and you happen to be asked

how you would imagine a table talking,

then much more often

a French or a Spanish speaker

says that the table would talk

So if you're French or Spanish,

It's hard not to love data like that,

and many people

that there's a worldview that you have

But you have to watch out,

because imagine if somebody

the us being those of us

What is the worldview from English?

Up on the screen, that is Bono.

I presume he has a worldview.

Now, that is Donald Trump.

he speaks English as well.