School: SAN ISIDRO INTEGRATED SCHOOL Grade Level: TEN

Teacher: MA. CECILIA M. MARIN Learning Area: MATHEMATICS

Date: WEEK 3 Quarter: FIRST

Detailed Lesson Plan in Geometric Sequence (MATHEMATICS 10)

I. Objective (Layunin)
A. Content Standards
The learner demonstrate understanding of key concepts of sequences, polynomials and polynomial
equations

B. Performance Standards
The learner is able to formulate and solve problems involving sequences, polynomials and polynomial
equations in different disciplines through appropriate and accurate representations.

C. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)

The learner
1. illustrates a geometric sequence (M10AL-Id-1)
2. differentiates a geometric sequence from an arithmetic sequence (M10AL-Id-2)
3. determines geometric means and nth term of a geometric sequence (M10AL-Ie-1)
4. finds the sum of the terms of a given finite or infinite geometric sequence (M10AL-Ie-2)

D. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should able to:
1.  illustrates a geometric sequence
2. differentiates a geometric sequence from an arithmetic sequence
3. determines geometric means and nth term of a geometric sequence
4. finds the sum of the terms of a given finite or infinite geometric sequence

II. Content (Nilalaman)

Geometric Sequence
Learning Resources (KagamitangPanturo)
A. Reference
Mathematics for Grade 10 pp 17 – 24
Intermediate Algebra pp 18 – 30
E-Math pp 42 – 57

III. Procedures (Pamamaraan)

A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson (Balik-aral sa nakaraang aralin at/o pagsisimula ng
bagong aralin)

Geometric Sequence
Like the arithmetic sequence, each of the terms in a geometric sequence is related to the next term definition pattern.

Study the given sequences and see if you can get the pattern or rule.
1. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 3. 2, -4, 8, -16, 32, -64
2. 2, 6, 18, 54, 162 4. 80, 40, 20, 10, 5

Yes, as you can observe the terms of the above examples are related to the next term.
In example #1: to obtain the next, multiply the previous term by 2

In example #2: to obtain the next, multiply the previous term by 3

In example #3: to obtain the next, multiply the previous term by -2

1
In example #3: to obtain the next, multiply the previous term by or 0.5
2

***The above sequences are example of

geometric sequence.
a2
To identify the common ratio: =r
a1 *** The number that we multiply to the next term
is called the common ratio and denoted as “ r”.

1
 a2 4
In example No. 1: a 1=2 , a2=4 = =¿ =2
a1 2

To check if the sequence is geometric multiply the common ration to 3 rd term,

and so on. Score Description
5 Excellent
Activity 1: Determine the following sequence if Arithmetic, Geometric or 4 Good
neither. Determine the common difference or common ration if the given
illustrates arithmetic or geometric sequence. 3 Fair
____________ 1. 4, 8, 12, 16, … Turn to page 7
____________ 2. 5, 10, 20, 40, … section j.1 and work
0-2
_____________3. 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, … on the enrichment
_____________4. 5, 15, 45, … activities
_____________5. 1, 4, 7, 10, …
Now, check your work by turning to page 8 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate your
result using the table above.

If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may now proceed to the next part of the discussion.

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson (Paghahabi sa layunin ng aralin)

C. Presenting examples/ instances of the new lesson (Pag-uugnay ng mga halimbawa sa bagong aralin)

A sequence in which each term after the first id obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a fixed nonzero
constant called the geometric sequence. The fixed constant is called common ratio denoted by r.

3, 6, 12, 24, …

The first term of the geometric sequence 3. To obtain the second term a 2, r =2 , the common ratio is multiplied to the first
term. To get the next term, again we multiply the common ratio by the term preceding it and so on. To illustrate it.

Observing the pattern above. To find the next term, multiply the first term by the common ratio raised to an exponent
which is less than the number of term.
n−1
a n=a1 r
Where a 1 is the first term,
n is the number of terms, and
d is the common ratio

Example1: Example 2:
Given the geometric sequence 5, 10, 20, …, find a 10 Given the geometric sequence 2, -6, 18, …, find a 9
Step1: identify first a1, n, and r Step1: identify first a1, n, and r
a2 10 a2 −6
a1 = 5 n = 10 r= =¿ =2 a1 = 2 n=9 r= =¿ =−3
a1 5 a1 2
2
 Step 2: formula Step 2: formula
n−1 n−1
a n=a1 r a n=a1 r

Step 3: Substitute a 10=5(2)10−1 Step 3: Substitute a 9=2(−3)9−1

Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS

9 8
a 10 =5(2) a 9=2(−3)
a 10=5(512) a 9=2(6561)
a 10=2560 a 9=13,122

therefore the 10th term in the geometric sequence is 2560 therefore the 9th term in the geometric sequence is 13,122

Now it’s your turn. Find the 8th term of the geometric sequence 4, 20, 100
You answer should be a8 = 312,500. If your answer is correct you may proceed to the next example but if your
answer is not correct go back to the example and try all over again.

Example 3: Example 4:
Find common ratio or r in a geometric sequence if first If the 7th term of a geometric sequence is 30 and the 11 th
1 128 term is 480, find the common ratio or r.
term is and the eight term is
3 3
Step1: Given: Step1: Given:

1 128 a 7=30 a11=480

a1 = n=8 a8 =
3 3
Step 2: ratio formula

√
Step 2: ration formula an

√
n−k
an r=
r=
n−k ak
ak

√ 480

√
11−7
Step 3: Substitute r=
128 30
Step 3: Substitute
8−1 3
r= Step 4: Solve
1
r =√16
4
3
r =¿ = 2
Step 4: Solve

√
128 Get the reciprocal of
7 3 1/3 and proceed to therefore, the common ratio of the geometric sequence is
r= multiplication 2
1
3
r=
√
7 128 3 = 7 382
3
×
1 3 √
r =√7 128=2

therefore, the common ratio of the geometric sequence is

2
.

It’s your time to shine. If the 3rd term of a geometric sequence is 12 and the 6th term is 96, what is the common
ratio in the sequence?
You should get 2. If you get the correct answer you will proceed to the next activity. But if your answer is not correct go
back again to the example and try all over again.
Score Description
Activity 2: Find the indicated term and the common ratio
5 Excellent
1. a 1=7 , r=3 , a10=?
4 Good
2. a 1=8 , r=5 , a7 =?
3 Fair
3. a 1=6 , a2=30 , a 8=?
Turn to page
4. a 1=1 a8=2187 r =? 7 section j.2
5. a 3=54 a 9=39366 r=? 0-2
and work on
the
enrichment 3
activities
Now, check your work by turning to page 8 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate your
result using the table above.

If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may now proceed to the next part of the discussion.

D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1(Pagtalakay ng bagong konsepto at paglalahad ng bagong
kasanayan #1

Geometric means
The first and last term of a geometric sequence are called the extremes and the terms between are means. In
geometric sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, the number 2, 4, 8 are the geometric means between 1 and 16. The formula to solve
for a geometric mean between two terms is ± √ ab which is also called the mean proportionality of a and b.

Example1: insert one geometric mean between 2 and 18 Example 2: insert 3 geometric means between -2 and -162

Solution the geometric sequence is of the form Solution the arithmetic sequence is of the form
2, ________, 18 -2, _____, _____, ______, -162

Then ± √ ab=¿ ± √ (2 )( 18 )= ± √36=± 6 a 1=−2∧a5=−162

√
Two possible answer, 6 or -6. n−k an
Ratio formula: r =
ak

r=
5−1

√ −162
−2
,

r =√ 81=3
4

Multiply each term by 3

Therefore, the geometric means are -6, -18, -54

Example 3: insert one geometric mean between 4 and 25 Example 4: insert 2 geometric means between 3 and 81

Solution the geometric sequence is of the form Solution the arithmetic sequence is of the form
4, ________, 25 3, _____, ______, 81

Then ± √ ab=¿ ± √ ( 4 )( 25 ) = ± √100=± 10 a 1=−2∧a5=−162

√
Two possible answer, 10 or -10. n−k an
Ratio formula: r =
ak

r=
4−1

√ 81
3
,

r =√27=3
3

Multiply each term by 3

Therefore, the geometric means are 9 and 27.

Now, you try to insert three geometric means between 4 and 324 . You should get 12, 36, and 108. If your
answer is correct, you may proceed to the next activity. If not, I am sorry but you have to go back to the examples and try
all over again.

Activity 3: what can you inset?

4
 Insert the indicated number of arithmetic means between the given first and last terms of an arithmetic sequence.
1. 3 and 12 insert 1 term
Score Description
2. -4 and -9 insert 1 term 14-15 Excellent
11-13 Good
3. 243 and 1 insert 4 terms 7-10 Fair
Turn to page 7
4. 2 and 128 insert 5 terms section j.3 and
0-6 work on the
5. -3 and 96 insert 4 terms enrichment
activities

Now check your activity by turning to page 8 for the key to correction. Give yourself 1 point for every correct answer.
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the table. If your answer is at least 7 above you may
proceed to the next part of the discussion.

E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills # 2 (Pagtalakay ng bagong konsepto at paglalahad ng
bagong kasanayan #2

Geometric Series

A geometric series is the indicated sum of terms of a geometric sequence

Finite geometric sequence: 3, 6, 12, 24, 48
Finite geometric series: 3 + 6 + 12 + 24 + 48
The sum of the given finite geometric series is 93.

n
a 1(1−r )
Formula: Sn= , r ≠1
1−r
Example 1: find the sum of the first 8 terms of the Example 2: find the sum of the first 10 terms of the
geometric sequence 2, 4, 8, 16, … geometric sequence with the first term , 12 and
1
common ratio,
2
Step1: identify first a1, n, and r Step1: identify first a1, n, and r

a1 = 2 n=8 r=2 1
Step 2: formula a1 = 12 n = 10 r=
n
2
a 1(1−r ) Step 2: formula
S n=
1−r a 1(1−r n )
Step 3: Substitute Sn=
1−r
2(1−28)
S8 =
1−2 Step 3: Substitute

( ))
10
1
Step 4: Solve apply PEMDAS 12(1−
2
2(1−256) S10=
S8 = 1
−1 1−
2
Step 4: Solve apply PEMDAS
2(−255) 1
S8 = 12(1− )
−1 1024
S10=
1
S8 =−510 ¿ ¿ =510 2
−1

S8 =510
1024 1
12( − ) ***
1024 1024 1024
S10= ***reciprocal
=1
1 1024 1 2
of =
2 2 1
proceed to

5
 1023 12276
12( )
1024 1024
S10 = =
1 1
2 2

12276 2 24552
S10= × =
1024 1 1024

24552 8 3069
S10= ÷ = ∨23.9765625
1024 8 128

Now, you try to find the sum of the first 8 terms of the geometric sequence if the first term is 4, the common ratio
is 2 and . You should get 1020. If your answer is correct, you may proceed to the next activity. If not, I am sorry but you
have to go back to the examples and try all over again.

Infinite Geometric Series

Infinite geometric series is the indicated sum of the terms of an infinite geometric sequence. The series 1 + 2 + 4
+ 8 + 16 + … is an example of infinite geometric series.

a
Formula: S= , for−1<r <1.
1−r

Example 1: find the sum of an infinite geometric Example 2: find the sum of an infinite geometric
sequence 9, 3, 1 … sequence 2, -8, 32 …
Step1: identify first a and r Step1: identify first a and r

3 a=2 r=-4
a=9 r=
9
Step 2: formula since r ←1 , r=−4 , therefore the series has no sum.

a
S=
1−r

Example 3: find the sum of 64 + 32 + 16 …

Step1: identify first a and r
Step 3: Substitute
9
S= 1
1 a = 64 r=
1− 2
3 Step 2: formula

Step 4: Solve a
9 S=
S= 3 1−r
3 1 *** =1
− 3
3 3 Step 3: Substitute
64
9 S=
S= 1
2 1−
2
3 Step 4: Solve
***reciprocal
64
S= 1
3 27 1 of =2
S=9 × = 2
2 2 2
proceed to
27 S=64 ×2=128
S=
2
S=128
1
Now, you try to find the sum of 4 + 2 + 1 … if the first term is 4, the common ratio is . You should get 8. If your
2
answer is correct, you may proceed to the next activity. If not, I am sorry but you have to go back to the examples and try
all over again

6
Activity 4: SUMthing to do: find the sum of each of the following. Score Description
1. 2 + 6 + 18 + … S7 5 Excellent
4 Good
2. 8 + 16 + 32 + … S10 3 Fair
Turn to page 7
3. 81 + 27 + 9 + … S6 section j.4 and
0-2 work on the
4. 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + … enrichment
activities
5. 16 + 1.6 + 0.16+ …

Now, check your answer by turning page 8 for the key of correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may proceed to the next part of the lesson.

F. Developing mastery (Paglinang sa kabihasnan) Score Description

5 Excellent
Activity 5: Solve the following problem involving geometric sequence.
4 Good
1. What is the common ratio in the sequence
3 Fair
1 Turn to page 7
8, -2, ,…
2 section J and
2. Find the 7th term of the geometric sequence 0-2 work on the
3, 1.2, 0.48, …. enrichment
3. Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence is a 3=80 and the a 7=20480 activities
4. Insert 3 arithmetic means between 6 and 1536
5. Find the sum of 5 + 20 + 80 + 320, … S6

Now, check your answer by turning page 8 for the key of correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may proceed to the next part of the lesson.

G. Making Generalizations and abstraction about the lesson (Paglalahat ng aralin)

As for the summary, in solving Geometric Sequence you have to
1. Identify first the sequence if geometric or not by finding the common ratio.
2. Analyze the problem
3. Identify the given and unknown.
4. And lastly solve the problem by applying the PEMDAS rules

H. Evaluating (Pagtataya ng aralin)

Please see attached worksheet

I. Additional Activities for application or remediation (Karagdaganggawain para sa takdang aralin at remediation)

J.1: Determine the following sequence if Arithmetic, Geometric or neither. Determine the common difference or common
ratio if the given illustrates an arithmetic or geometric sequence.
1. 135, 45, 15, 5, …
2. 8, 14, 20, 26, …
3. 80, 20, 10, …
4. 12, 19, 26, 33, ….
5. 1, 5, 25, 125, …

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?You
may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back to the section
A and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

J.2: Answer the following

1. find the 13th term of the geometric sequence 2, -6, 18, …
2 find the 7th term of the geometric sequence 2, -10, 50, …
3. the 1st term of geometric sequence is 8, and the 2nd term is 4. Find the 5th term.
4. find r in the geometric sequence if the 1st term is 5 and the 6th term is 38, 880.
5. find r in the geometric sequence if the 3rd term is 100 and the 8th term is 312,500.

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?
You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back
to the section C and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

7
J.3: Insert the indicated number of geometric means between the given first and last terms of a geometric sequence
1. Insert 2 geometric means between 2 and 54
2. Insert 3 arithmetic means 48 and 3
3. Insert 4 arithmetic mean 1 and 243
4. Insert 2 arithmetic means 128 and 16
5. Insert 5 arithmetic means 9 and 576

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?
You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back
to the section D and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

J.4: SUMthing to do: find the sum of each of the following.

1. 50 + 25+ 12.5 … S6
2. 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + … S10
3. 1 + 4 + 16 … S7
4. 2 + (-4) + 8 + (-16) + ..
5. 23 + 2.3 + 0.23 + …

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?
You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back
to the section E and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account

KEY TO CORRECTION
Activity 1 Determine the following sequence if Arithmetic, Geometric or neither. Determine the common difference or
common ration if the given illustrates arithmetic or geometric sequence.
1. Arithmetic d=4
2. Geometric r=2
3. Neither
4. Geometric r=3
5. Arithmetic d=3
Activity 2: Find the indicated term and the common ratio
1. a 10 =137,781
2. a 7=125,000
3. a 8=468,750
4. r =3
5. r =3
Activity 3: what can you inset?
1. 6
2. 6
3. 81, 27, 9, 3
4. 4, 8, 16, 32, 64
5. 6, -12, 24, -48
Activity 4: SUMthing to do: find the sum of each of the following.
1. 2186
2. 8184
29484
3. or 121.33
243
4. 32
5. 17.78
Activity 5: Solve the following problem involving geometric sequence..
1. 0.25
2. 0.012288
3. 4
4. 24, 96, 384
5. 6825

8
J.1: Determine the following sequence if Arithmetic, Geometric or neither. Determine the common difference or common
ratio if the given illustrates an arithmetic or geometric sequence.
1. geometric r = 0.33
2. arithmetic d=6
3. neither
4. arithmetic d=7
5. geometric r=5
J.2: Answer the following
1. 1,062,882
2. 31,250
3. 0.5
4. r = 6
5. r = 5
J.3: Insert the indicated number of geometric means between the given first and last terms of a geometric sequence
1. 6, 18
2. 24, 12, 6
3. 3, 9, 28, 81
4. 64, 32
5. 18, 36, 72, 144, 288
J.4: SUMthing to do: find the sum of each of the following.
1. 984,375
2. 1023
3. 5461
2
4.
3
23
5. or 23.23
.99

Prepared by: (Inihanda ni) Noted: (Binigyan Pansin ni)

MA. CECILIA M. MARIN DAISY M. ARCIAGA

Name and Signature of Teacher Name and Signature of Observer
(Pangalan at Lagda ng Guro) (Pangalan at Lagda ng Nagmasid)

Evaluation!!!

Name:______________________________________ Section: _____________________ Score:__________________

Answer the following:

1. Write the first five terms of the geometric sequence whose first term is 2 and whose common
ratio is 3.
2. Find the indicated term of the geometric sequence .
a. a 1=3 ;r=5 ;a7 =?

9
 3
b. a 1=8 ;r= ; a6=?
2
c. a 1=−3 ;r=−2;a 10=?
d. a 1=4 ; r=5 ; a5 =?
3. Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence if a 3=98 and a 6=33614
4. Insert 1 geometric mean between -2 and -98
5. Insert 1 geometric mean between 3 and 75
6. Insert 3 geometric mean between 8 and 128
7. Find the sum of the first six terms of geometric sequence 0.2, 0.02, 0.002, …
8. Find the sum of the first five terms of an infinite geometric sequence where a 1=128
1
and r =
2
9. Find the sum of the first n terms, if a 1=4 ,r =−5 , S 8=?
1
10. Find the sum of the first n terms, if a 1=318 , r= , S 7=?
2

10