e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
SMART PARKING SYSTEM
Amisha Narkhede*1, Neha Kad*2, Aniket Nawale*3, Ashutosh Gadhave*4,
Prof. Sushma Ghose*5, D.R.L Khandagale*6
*1,2,3,4Student,Department Of Computer Engineering, Siddhant College Of Engineering Sudumbare,
Affiliated To Savitribai Phule Pune University, Talegaon Chakan Highway, Pune, India.
*5Guide, Hod, Dept. Of Computer Engg. Department Of Computer Engineering, Siddhant College Of
Engineering Sudumbare, Affiliated To Savitribai Phule Pune University,
Talegaon Chakan Highway, Pune, India.
*6Principal, Department Of Computer Engineering, Siddhant College Of Engineering Sudumbare,
Affiliated To Savitribai Phule Pune University, Talegaon Chakan Highway, Pune, India.
ABSTRACT
IoT or Internet of Things plays an important role in our day-to-day life. It is used to interconnect one device to
another through internet. In the proposed system, we develop a user-friendly application for IoT based Smart
Parking system. The main objective of this smart parking system is that users can book their slots and park the
vehicle. Parking assistance is provided to find the user’s parked vehicle from the parking slot through the
application. At each parking slot, LED indications are used to identify the occupied and unoccupied spaces.
Users can do the payment using two methods: online transaction and RFID technology. IR Proximity sensor is
used to detect whether parking slot is occupied or not. Firstly, this paper gives an overview about the concept
of smart parking system, their categories and different functionalities. Then we present the latest developments
in parking infrastructures. We describe the technologies around parking availability monitoring, parking
reservation and dynamic pricing and see how they are utilized in different settings. In addition, a theoretical
comparison is presented to show advantages and drawbacks of each different smart parking system to discuss
results and open directions for future research.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Smart Parking, Smart City, Mobile Application, IOT.
I. INTRODUCTION
At the point when IoT is increased with sensors and actuators, the innovation turns into an occurrence of the
more broad class of digital physical frameworks, which likewise incorporates advances. For Example, keen
networks, virtual power plants, brilliant homes, astute transportation and shrewd urban communities. Among
the difficulties that confront in everyday life one of most unavoidable test is parking the car wherever people
go. As our need expands our setting out increments however because of extreme increment in utilization of
vehicles and increment in populace this project confront the intense assignment of parking car especially amid
busiest hours of the day. Amid pinnacle hours the majority of the saved parking zone gets full and this leaves
the client to scan for their parking among other parking area which makes more movement and abandons them
with no sign on accessibility of parking spot. To defeat this issue there is certainly a requirement for composed
parking in business condition. To outline such parking there need to assess reservation of parking space with
ideal parking spot which relies upon cost and time. However this project compose the time driven grouping
strategy which takes care of the issue of parking utilizing opening assignment technique. The fundamental
inspiration of this venture is to diminish the movement clog that happens in and around the urban zones which
is brought on by vehicles looking for parking. In the daily papers, many articles with respect to the stopping
issue all over India like Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore and numerous metropolitan urban areas.
Developing populace has made numerous issues; stopping issue is one of the enormous issues in our everyday
life. In a current study, analysts have found that for one year, car cruising for stopping made what might as well
be called 38 times trips far and wide, consuming 177914.8 litres of fuel and delivering 730 tons of CO2. To
diminish every one of these elements we go for the savvy stopping framework. a) To build up a canny, easy to
understand robotized car stopping framework which diminishes the labour and movement blockage. b) To
offer sheltered and secure stopping openings inside constrained territory. The idea of the Internet of Things
(IoT) started with things with Personal communication devices, which the devices could be tracked, controlled
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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
to use remote PCs connected with the internet [1]. The Internet of Things (IoT) equals “=’ Physical devices,
vehicles, structures, and different things implanted with hardware “+” Controller, Sensor, and Actuators “+”
organize a network that lets these things to gather and exchange information (Internet) [2]. Sensors are
deployed in smart systems, which in turn collect information from the device for processing and analysis .So,
Sensors would be deployed in the parking area and through the mobile application for helping the user to know
the freedom of parking places on a real-time basis with more efficiency, and less cost [3]. A smart parking
system reduces the time to locate available places and reduces fuel consumption. The paper is organized as
follows: First, it presents the concept of the smart parking system and its various functions, then its reviews
previous research and studies on the implementation of smart parking. Then it describes the system
implementation and operation and gives a conclusion of the smart parking application.
Background Subtraction Algorithm
Background subtraction is a way of eliminating the background from image. To achieve this, we extract the
moving foreground from the static background.
Background Subtraction has several use cases in everyday life, It is being used for object segmentation,
security enhancement, pedestrian tracking, counting the number of visitors, number of vehicles in traffic etc.
It is able to learn and identify the foreground mask.
In OpenCV we have 3 algorithms to do this operation –
Back ground Subtractor MOG– It is a Gaussian Mixture-based Background/Foreground Segmentation
Algorithm.
BackgroundSubtractorMOG2 – It is also a Gaussian Mixture-based Background/Foreground Segmentation
Algorithm. It provides better adaptability to varying scenes due illumination changes etc.
Back ground Subtractor GMG – This algorithm combines statistical background image estimation and per-
pixel Bayesian segmentation.
How to apply OpenCV in-built functions for background subtraction –
Step #1 – Create an object to signify the algorithm we are using for background subtraction.
Step #2 – Apply backgroundsubtractor. apply() function
II. METHODOLOGY
Parking Management System (PMS) is a small system that can be easily transferred from computer to computer
by a simple USB stick. Its purpose is to solve a problem that really bothers many vendors today for managing of parking
slots inside a parking storey .So, it provides you a very simplistic solution of managing parking slots which provides
you withmaking an entry of incoming and outgoing vehicles’. Parking Management System besidemanaging slots also provides
you with several functionalities in order to keep your database up to date.
Outcome
 Optimized parking – Users find the best spot available, saving time, resources and effort. The parking lot fills
up efficiently and space can be utilized properly by commercial and corporate entities.
 Reduced traffic – Traffic flow increases as fewer cars are required to drive around in search of an open
parking space.
 Reduced pollution – Searching for parking burns around one million barrels of oil a day. An optimal parking
solution will significantly decrease driving time, thus lowering the amount of daily vehicle emissions and
ultimately reducing the global environmental footprint.
 Enhanced User Experience – A smart parking solution will integrate the entire user experience into a unified
action. Driver’s payment, spot identification, location search and time notifications all seamlessly become part
of the destination arrival process.
 New Revenue Streams – Many new revenue streams are possible with smart parking technology. For
example, lot owners can enable tiered payment options dependent on parking space location. Also, reward
programs can be integrated into existing models to encourage repeat users.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
 Integrated Payments and POS – Returning users can replace daily, manual cash payments with account
invoicing and application payments from their phone. This could also enable customer loyalty programs and
valuable user feedback.
 Increased Safety – Parking lot employees and security guards contain real-time lot data that can help
prevent parking violations and suspicious activity. License plate recognition cameras can gather pertinent
footage. Also, decreased spot-searching traffic on the streets can reduce accidents caused by the distraction of
searching for parking.
 Real-Time Data and Trend Insight – Over time, a smart parking solution can produce data that uncovers
correlations and trends of users and lots. These trends can prove to be invaluable to lot owners as to how to
make adjustments and improvements to drivers.
 Decreased Management Costs – More automation and less manual activity saves on labor cost and resource
exhaustion.
 Increased Service and Brand Image – A seamless experience can really skyrocket a corporate or commercial
entities brand image to the user. Whether the destination is a retail store, an airport or a corporate business
office, visitors will surely be impressed with the cutting edge technology and convenience factors.
III. MODELING AND ANALYSIS
This smart parking system project consists of Arduino, six IR sensors, one servo motor, and one LCD display.
Where the Arduino is the main microcontroller that controls the whole system. Two IR sensors are used at the
entry and exit gates to detect vehicle entry and exit in the parking area. And other four IR sensors are used to
detect the parking slot availability. The servo motor is placed at the entry and exit gate that is used to open and
close the gates. Also, an LCD display is placed at the entrance, which is used to show the availability of parking
slots in the parking area.
When a vehicle arrives at the gate of the parking area, the display continuously shows the number of empty
slots. If there have any empty slots then the system opens the entry gate by the servo motor. After entering the
car into the parking area, when it will occupy a slot, then the display shows this slot is full. If there is no empty
parking slot then the system displays all slots are full and does not open the gate.
Project Resources
High speed internet connection, Arduino Uno Ide, Power supply, Android device

After assembling all components according to the circuit diagram and uploading the code to the Arduino board.
Now place the sensors and servo motor at accurate positions.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
There are four parking slots in this project, IR sensor-3, 4, 5, and 6 are placed at slot-1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.
IR sensor-1 and 2 are placed at the entry and exit gate respectively and a servo motor is used to operate the
common single entry and exit gate. The LCD display is placed near the entry gate.
The system used IR sensor-3, 4, 5, and 6 to detect whether the parking slot is empty or not and IR sensor-1, and
2 for detecting vehicles arriving or not at the gate.
In the beginning, when all parking slots are empty, then the LCD display shows all slots are empty.
When a vehicle arrives at the gate of the parking area then the IR sensor-1 detects the vehicle and the system
allowed to enter that vehicle by opening the servo barrier. After entering into the parking area when that
vehicle occupies a slot then the LED display shows that the slot is full. In this way, this system automatically
allows 4 vehicles.
In case the parking is full, the system blocked the entrance gate by closing the servo barrier. And the LED
display shows that slot-1, 2, 3, and 4 all are full.
When a vehicle leaves a slot and arrives at the gate of the parking area then the IR sensor-2 detects that vehicle
and the system open the servo barrier. Then the LED display shows that the slot is empty. Again the system will
allow entering a new vehicle.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. It guarantees snappy and computerized parking and simple recovery of vehicles.
2. Up to 3 cars can be effectively and securely parked in the outlined model.
3. The surface space required is identical to the parking spot of two cars as it were.
4. Most reasonable for parking in workplaces, shopping centers and comparable spots.
5. Low support levels are required by the framework.
6. Sensors utilized have high affectability and are anything but difficult to deal with.
7. Minimal effort framework, giving most extreme computerization.
8. It doesn't require observable pathway operation.
9. Cordial reorientation of cars for driving in and out.
10. Security of vehicle
V. CONCLUSION
The concepts of smart cities have always been a dream. There have been advancements made from the past
couple of years to make smart city dream to reality. The advancement of internet of things and cloud
technologies has given rise to the new possibilities in terms of smart cities. Smart parking facilities have always
been the core of constructing smart cities. The system provides a real time process and information of the
parking slots. This paper enhances the performance of saving users time to locate an appropriate parking space.
It helps to resolve the growing problem of traffic congestion. As for the future work the users can book a
parking space from a remote location GPS, reservation facilities and license plate scanner can be included in the
future.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] Abhirup Khanna, R. A. (2016). IoT based Smart Parking System. International Conference on Internet of
Things and Applications (IOTA) (p. 5). Pune: IEEE.
[2] Deng, D. (2015). A Cloud-Based Smart-Parking System Based on Internet-of-Things Technologies. IEEE,
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[3] O. Orrie, B. S. (2015). A Wireless Smart Parking System. IECON (p. 5). Yokohama: IEEE.
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[5] Wael Alsafery, B. A. (2018). Smart Car Parking System Solution for the Internet of Things in Smart
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[7] Mohit Patil, R. S. (2014). Smart Parking System Based On Reservation. International Journal of Scientific
Engineering and Research (IJSER), 6.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:05/May-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
[8] Vishwanath Y, A. D. (2016). Survey paper on Smart Parking System based on Internet of Things.
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