AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 1 Personal Protective Equipment

PPE includes the firefighter coat, pants, SCBA, helmet, nomex hood, gloves and boots. When arriving at the scene of an emergency, the appropriate level of PPE shall be worn. Any emergency where smoke, flame or suspected hazardous materials are involved, full PPE, including SCBA will be donned. Doffing instructions will come from the company officer and/or COMMAND, as the situation dictates. Members riding in a mask position will initially have SCBA and mask in a ready position upon arrival at the scene or as soon as possible after arrival if conditions do not permit donning while enroute. PASS devices will be armed prior to entry into any hazardous area. Drivers will, as a minimum, wear their coat, helmet, gloves and safety-toed boots. Drivers will wear full PPE when operating within an IDLH.

The use of earflaps on helmets is optional when the nomex hood is worn. Chinstraps on helmets will be worn snug. Face shields will be down when raising or lowering ladders, using equipment, operating power saws, or performing interior overhaul work that creates airborne hazards. Air pressure in SCBA will not be less than 4000 PSI at time of entry into any hazardous atmosphere . All mask straps will be fastened when wearing SCBA, and all face piece and head harness straps will be worn under the nomex hood. SCBA will not be removed during overhaul phases of interior operations due to the accumulation of carbon monoxide and other fire gases after extinguishment. A Carbon Monoxide Detector shall be used to monitor the atmosphere for this purpose.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 2 Structural Apparatus Response

Building Alarm Activation, Smell of Smoke, Reported Fire : Two engine companies One truck company

Interior Gas Leaks: One engine One truck company

Exterior Gas Leaks: One engine company

Stuck Elevators: One truck company, or one engine company

Others: As directed by the Senior Fire Official

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 3 Structural Tool Assignments

First-in Engine: Company officer: Firefighter: Firefighter: SCBA, radio, flashlight, key ring.

SCBA, extinguisher or hose pack, as directed. SCBA, Denver Tool and halligan, or hose pack, as directed.

Second-in Engine: Company officer: Firefighter: Firefighter: SCBA, radio, flashlight, key ring.

SCBA, hand tools or hose pack, as directed. SCBA, 6' hook, pick head axe, or hose pack, as directed.

Truck: Company officer: Driver or Firefighter: SCBA, radio, flashlight, key ring. SCBA, Irons (one banging, one prying).

Firefighter: Short Hook, Pick Headed Axe.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 4 Structural Fire Attack

An aggressive, interior attack will be attempted whenever possible. All fire control efforts should support the primary search and rapid control of the fire. Fire attack will be based upon the following fire control methods: Offensive mode: An offensive attack requires an aggressive interior fire attack. Company officers are responsible for the following: The safety of fire fighters under their supervision. Proper use of protective equipment. Obtaining a continuous supply of water. Selecting the appropriate line from the options provided on each apparatus. Keeping COMMAND advised of fire control progress.

Defensive Mode: Defensive fire attacks are mounted in those situations that preclude interior attack and the saving of life is not possible or necessary. This mode is designed to flow the maximum amount of water in the shortest time. Defensive attacks should start with no less than one 2 1/2" line. 1 3/4" lines should only be used when absolutely necessary. Master streams will be used for a rapid knockdown when possible. Truck or ground-mounted deck guns may be used. Reverse lays with pumped lines may be necessary.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 5 Structural Search and Rescue Procedures

Members will enter all buildings wearing the proper level of structural PPE The company officer will determine the search process to be used in the structure Primary search of the structure shall be conducted in the following order, unless conditions dictate otherwise: Immediate fire area Floor above the fire Uppermost floor, then work your way down Other exposed areas

Companies will perform search as soon as possible after fire control efforts are established Status of the search will be reported to COMMAND in a timely manner A report of "All Clear" shall be transmitted on the air when all victims have been removed or a thorough search completed When appropriate, companies will begin interior ventilation as they conduct their search Exterior ventilation will be accomplished as a support function When necessary, the Incident Commander will direct the establishment of triage in a safe area

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 6 Structural Hose Loads

Supply Line No less than 800 feet of 3 supply line flat-loaded in the right hose bed Left hose bed will be 400 of 3 with the male end coming off first and a 2 double female attached A 5 hose is located on the right side or front bumper of the apparatus

Working Line No less than 700 feet of 2 hose flat-loaded in the middle hose bed The hose will be loaded left-to-right on all layers The load will be finished with a reverse horseshoe (last 50 feet of 2 hose) A 2 shutoff with 1 1/8 threaded tip will be attached to the line A reverse horseshoe of 100 feet of 1 hose will be loaded in the bed and attached to the 1 1/8 tip

Preconnects All preconnected lines will be 150 or 200 feet of 1 line The load will be a flat or a triple fold load

High-Rise Hose Pack All companies will carry a high-rise hose pack which includes: 100 feet of 1 hose with a nozzle attached Tools and appliances, including a 2 to 1 reducer attached

A 100 foot bundle of 2 hose will be carried on each apparatus with a shut-off and a 1 1/8 threaded tip attached

Dec-03

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 7 Water Supply

The first two arriving companies will secure separate water supplies. Additional apparatus may tandem-pump when the water system can support the operation. Additional supply lines may be laid into operating apparatus when hydrants are available. Drivers will monitor the hydrant pressure after hooking up. It is the driver's responsibility to advise COMMAND of water supply problems. Unused discharge lines will not be operated unless the water system can support the maximum expected flow from the line(s). Five inch supply lines will be connected to hydrants whenever possible. Only one unpumped supply line should be used. A second supply line should be pumped. When a booster tank is used to supply the first attack line, a second line will not be charged until a permanent water supply is established.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 8 Standpipe/Sprinkler Operations

Standpipe Operations: Responses to buildings with a single Fire Department Connection (FDC) and a known fire location: The first-in company will position for a fire attack and, if possible, be in a position to connect to the FDC, if needed. The second-in company is responsible for connecting to the FDC.

Responses to buildings with multiple FDCs and a known fire location: The company officer or driver will notify COMMAND when the FDC is being fully supported.

On responses without a fire location, companies will standby and not commit to a FDC. Companies will advance into the building with hose packs for size-up. The first two arriving companies will connect to separate FDCs (if available). Crews will advance into the building with both high rise hose packs per company. The two companies will use separate stairwells to enter the building for size-up, search, ventilation and suppression. Only fire department carried hose and nozzles will be utilized. The second company will be responsible for water supply and will charge the FDC when visible smoke or flames have been reported. Standpipe lines should be connected, charged and cleared in the stairwell or from behind a fire door (when possible) before entering a fire area. In heavy fire conditions, the second arriving company will advance a minimum of a single 2 working line to the fire area from the standpipe or the apparatus.

Sprinkler Operations: The first arriving engine company will connect to the FDC. The second arriving company will be used for fire attack.

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 9 Ventilation Practices

When appropriate, members working in a smoke filled environment will ventilate as they go All ventilation actions must be carefully coordinated with fire suppression efforts

In critical rescue situations (especially housing units) a crew will immediately ventilate the structure from the outside Upper floor windows may be removed using a ladder or a pike pole Vertical ventilation will be accomplished prior to entry into a facility in which backdraft conditions are suspected COMMAND will designate a "Roof Sector" officer prior to initiating a roof operation and ensure the officer has a portable radio When performing roof work, crews will utilize roof ladders All tools necessary for roof ventilation will be in place before starting the work. Power saws will be start-tested prior to being raised to the roof When possible, ladders being placed to a roof will have 3 rungs extended above the roof line for visibility. Ladders are never moved until everyone that went up the ladder is off the roof. Crews will step down onto roofs, not up onto them The first firefighter to the roof will carry a tool to sound the roof For buildings with heavy fire, a roof rope or second ladder will be properly placed as an escape route

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 10 Staging

Level 1 The first arriving companies will respond to the appropriate position at the emergency address. Position all vehicles so that escape routes are available, if possible. The first arriving company will secure a continuing supply of water. The second arriving company will provide the supply line for the first company (if required) or report to the opposite side of the structure. The company officer will determine the best position to support the fire ground operation unless otherwise directed by COMMAND. The truck company will respond to a position that allows the most options for vehicle positioning. It will not commit any lines unless directed by COMMAND.

Level 2 Level 2 staging occurs when apparatus in excess of the first alarm assignment is requested. Fire companies from mutual aid departments will be directed to an area close to the incident location, but not committed to any task. Company officers will report in person to the staging officer or COMMAND, when a designated staging officer is not assigned. Level 2 units will be used as a team.

Jun-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 11 Command

The first arriving company officer will establish or pass COMMAND at any reported or actual structure fire, aircraft accident, hazardous materials incident, or other emergency situation. In those situations where an officer is not present, the senior firefighter on the first arriving unit will establish COMMAND. The passing of COMMAND should be done face to face, when practical. The first arriving company will: Acknowledge arrival on scene by radio. Provide a brief description of conditions observed. For example: Engine 6 arriving, multi-story residential occupancy, nothing showing, evacuation in progress. Engine 6 will pass command and go in to investigate. Crash-19 arriving, aircraft is down safely, crew is egressing. Engine-9 arriving, single vehicle accident, multiple injuries, extrication required.

Confirm assumption or passing of COMMAND.

The first arriving company officer must elect an appropriate commitment for the company: Nothing Showing Mode: The company officer passes COMMAND and goes in with the crew to investigate. Quick Attack Mode: If the company officer decides to proceed with a Quick Attack, he/she announces that in a brief radio transmission, i.e. Engine 8 doing a quick attack, passing command, and leads the crew in an attack. The next arriving officer, if conditions warrant, assumes command and establishes the appropriate levels of supervision and fire attack support functions as necessary. Command Mode: The first arriving company officer recognizes a working situation which requires formal COMMAND from the outset. The officer establishes a fixed command post and begins to exercise the responsibilities of COMMAND immediately.

Jul-02

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 12 Personnel Accountability System

The Personnel Accountability System (PAS) will be used to specifically identify and keep track of members operating at an emergency scene. The Incident Commander is responsible for implementing the appropriate level of accountability to ensure each operation is handled safely. The PAS is comprised of the following components: Vehicle Identification Tag: Carried on each piece of apparatus and secured to Velcro near the officers position. The HAZMAT trailers clip is mounted on a post near the front door. Personal Identification Tag: Issued to each member, it can be stored on the underside of the helmet. PAS Binder: Carried on each Command vehicle and used to collect the tags. Level I accountability will be the normal use of the system, using the personnel and the vehicle tags. Tags are normally left on the vehicle in this mode. Level II accountability occurs during working fires or hazardous situations. Whenever an attack line is laid, the driver of the closet company to the hazard entry point will establish a collection point for the PAS tags. Crews entering the hazard area will give their vehicle tag with the correct names to the driver at the collection point. Level III accountability will occur when COMMAND collects any or all of the tags or appoints an Accountability Officer to manage the PAS. COMMAND may establish as many collection points as necessary to safely handle the incident. PAS tags will be placed on the vehicle the member is assigned to. If a members duty position changes, the member is responsible to change the tag to the new vehicle. The PAS Binder carried on Chief 2 has five blank PAS tags for use by other than Academy Fire Department members. GENERAL FIRE GROUND ACCOUNTABILITY RULES: All crews will enter, work, and leave the hazard area together. No freelancing. All crews must work for a sector officer or report directly to COMMAND. All crews must have a radio; if the radio fails, the crew will exit the hazard zone.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 13 Automotive Fire Fighting Operations

You are operating in an inherently hazardous environment. Hazards may affect you at any time. It is critical that you remain extremely alert. Do not focus so closely on the fire attack that you forget about other vehicular traffic around you. Base your fire flow on potential conditions. Selection of hoselines for the fire attack should provide the maximum flow rate possible with the available staffing and water supply. The total flow from hoselines deployed in an offensive attack on an automotive fire must exceed the required fire flow for the anticipated level of involvement. Hoselines should be placed to protect exterior exposures (structures, other vehicles, etc.) that present an imminent life risk or extension of the fire. Avoid direct frontal or rear exposure to charged bumper systems . Protect means of egress imminently threatened by fire. Protect exterior exposures that present a potential life risk. Confine and extinguish the fire. Check for extension (within the vehicle or to exposures). Caution must be exercised with vehicles equipped with airbags they may activate during a fire or during salvage and overhaul.

Jun-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 14 Water Tender Operations

Recognize a water tender is a heavy vehicle. It takes a considerable amount of time and distance to stop. The off-loading sites must be designed to minimize the backing and turning of tenders. This may necessitate the off-loading site be established at a point remote from fire ground operations. The fill site must also be designed to minimize the backing and turning of tenders. This may necessitate that the fill site be located at a point remote from the water source. The hose layout selected should permit filling of tenders at a minimum rate of 1000 gpm. This will require a large diameter or multiple fill lines. Tenders should be filled from the bottom and directly into the tank. If there are tenders in the shuttle that can not be filled in this manner or have slow fill rates, consider filling them at a separate location, so they dont interfere with the filling of other tenders. Always set water tender off-loading to maximize flow capability and tactical flexibility. Use shuttle and dump tactics whenever possible. The more time a tender spends stopped, the less it contributes to the development of water flow. Establish the fill site based on potential. Do not make this determination based on the probability of control with tank water. Set up the fill site for maximum flow regardless of the perceived flow requirements. A high flow hose layout can meet smaller demands; a low flow hose layout can not meet larger demands.

Jun-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 15 Confined Space Entry

The senior fire official at confined space rescue emergencies is responsible for overall scene control. This responsibility includes safety, providing incident sizeup, vehicle positioning, crowd control, medical support, and rehabilitation of all responders Fire fighters will perform confined space rescue operations within the scope of their abilities Fire fighters will ensure that a safe environment is established for fire department as well as medical personnel to work in All responders shall wear the appropriate level of personal protective equipment (PPE) for confined space rescue, including appropriate harnesses and other confined space entry PPE at all times Upon arrival, the Senior Fire Official will assume command and initiate rescue operations IAW the approved Confined Space Rescue Checklist. Fire fighters will ensure all confined space entrants, attendants, and supervisor are accounted for and interviewed prior to implementing rescue entry procedures. Firefighters will ensure all appropriate AF Form 1024 documented blocking/blanking and lockout /tagout procedures are re-confirmed prior to rescue entry. Where fire fighters are in a standby mode for a confined space entry, appropriate rescue equipment will be pre-staged and immediately ready for a confined space rescue. Only approved monitoring, ventilation, personal protective, and rescue equipment will be utilized for confined space entry/rescue. Medical support for confined space rescue entrants and patients will be established as soon as possible.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 16 Fire Fighter Rehabilitation

The Senior Fire Official will ensure the health and welfare of all personnel at the incident site. Each firefighter is responsible to communicate their needs for rest and rehabilitation The Senior Fire Official shall consider the circumstances of each incident, and initiate rest and rehabilitatio n in accordance with NFPA 1561 Fire Department Incident Management System. Consider assigning a Rehab Officer early in an incident. Weather factors during emergency and training situations have a direct impact on the rehabilitation Rehabilitation considerations for hot weather: Move fatigued firefighters away from the hazardous area Ensure firefighters are out of direct sunlight Remove firefighters protective equipment Ensure adequate air movement over firefighters, either natural or mechanical Provide liquids to replace lost body fluid and, if needed, food Medical personnel will evaluate firefighters within the rehabilitation area for signs or symptoms of heat exhaustion, heat stroke or other heat related injuries

Rehabilitation considerations for operations in cold weather: Move fatigued firefighters away from the hazardous area Provide heat and shelter from wind and extreme cold Provide liquids to replace lost body fluids and, if needed, food Medical personnel will evaluate firefighters within the rehabilitation area for signs or symptoms of frostbite, hypothermia, or other cold-related injuries

The Senior Fire Official will determine necessary crew rotations in relationship to the incident The Senior Fire Official, in conjunction with the designated On Scene Commander, will make all necessary arrangement for long term emergency operations. The Senior Fire Official will ensure adequate accommodations are provided for rest and rehabilitation away from the incident Supplies/equipment for rehabilitation are stored at fire station one, including coolers, cups, drink mix, etc.

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 17 Wildland Fire Fighting Operations

The first responding company officer will assume COMMAND and perform sizeup Size-up will include life safety, initial evacuation requirements, and the identification of threatened structures

The initial Incident Commander will: o Identify and locate fire containment features o Establish cordon requirements o Identify and locate water supplies and re-supply area o Establish a level one staging area o Order the necessary standby resources for structure protection and wildland fire containment

The minimum PPE required for handline crews will be a wildland fire helmet with neck shroud, wildland shirt and pants, wildland boots, goggles, work gloves, web gear containing 2 bottles of water, and a fire shelter Prior to beginning wildland firefighting operations, each company officer will brief their crews on their assigned tasks, escape routes, and safety zones Crew Bosses will be responsible for personnel accountability of their personnel Each crew will maintain communications with the next higher level within the ICS structure or an observer or Safety Officer that has visual contact with the head of the fire or Operations Officer The Hi- Lo siren on engines will designate immediate withdrawal to safety zones Brush apparatus will be utilized for fire containment operations and structure protection in rough terrain During Red Flag warnings or extreme fire danger, a minimum of two firefighters per brush truck will be in appropriate wildland PPE. Their wildland gear prestaged on their cross/assigned wildland apparatus

Jul-02

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 18 Hazardous Materials Response

Hazardous materials are any substance or materials, in any form or quantity, which pose an unreasonable risk to life, the environment, or property when stored, transported, or used in commerce. Level 1 incidents require a minimum of a single company and a Senior Fire Official for initial response. Level 2 incidents require all available resources on the Academy and may include mutual aid. This level of incident may require the activation of the On Scene Disaster Control Group (OSDCG) to coordinate base wide control and containment countermeasures. Level 3 incidents begin large in the early stages and require city/county wide support in control and containment operations. A unified command may be more effective and desirable to place massive resources at COMMANDs disposal. Except in favorable rescue conditions, all entries into hazard areas requiring personal protective equipment beyond the structural fire fighting ensemble will require the establishment of a full decontamination station prior to entry. Any leak/spill larger of more serious in nature than the first arriving fire company is able to contain will require the immediate notification of the Base Civil Engineer and the Civil Engineering Environmental Spill Response Team.

Jul-02

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 19 Media Interview Guidance

Members may be interviewed by on-scene media regarding their involvement in an incident/rescue. Although desirable, USAFA Public Affairs (PA) personnel do not have to be present for the interview. Members should never speculate on what led to the cause of any accident or incident. Names of those rescued or involved in accidents/incidents/rescues will not be mentioned. Interviewees should confine their responses to the issue at hand. Do not expand responses to issues not related to the incident at hand. For example, providing opinions of other fire rescue organizations, good or bad, would be inappropriate. During normal duty hours, a PA representative can be reached at 333-7731. After normal duty hours, contact the on-call PA representative for advice or to inform them of the incident through the Security Forces desk at 333-2000. The PA cell phone number is 339-5313.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 20 Aircraft Emergencies

Inflight Emergencies: For the main runway (eastern runway, closest to the fire station): Proceed to standby location at the beginning of Taxiway Delta

For the center or western runway: Proceed to standby location using Taxiway Charlie to Taxiway Golf

Position no closer than 100 feet of the runway, or at the Hold Short Line After aircraft has landed, give preliminary report such as: Aircrafts down with good roll out. Follow the aircraft down the runway, request permission from Academy Tower In all cases, check with the pilot to ensure aircraft and aircrew are O.K. The senior fire official on scene is the final authority for terminating the emergency

Ground Emergencies: Position vehicle to attain optimum fire coverage while providing safe ingress and egress for the crew

Fuel Spills: Foaming of the area maybe required, especially if firefighters must enter the area

Sep-03

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 21 Aircraft Brake Overheat/Fire

The hazard area for hot brake situations is 300 feet at a 600 angle from the wheel(s). All firefighting vehicles and firefighters must remain clear of this area.

A dry chemical extinguisher must be ready to extinguish wheel fires. Do not apply any agent unless the wheel or brake is actually on fire.

If hot brakes exist, a 30-minute cool down period will begin. Blowers may be used to cool the brakes. If brakes are still hot, check every 15 minutes unit they are cool.

Aircraft maintenance personnel will decide if deflation of tires is required. Aircraft with hot brakes will be parked at least 300 feet from other aircraft.

Jun-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 22 Two In / Two Out

Definitions: Area of Immediate Danger to Life and Health (IDLH): Structural: The area immediately inside the structure involved Aircraft: The area within 75 of any exterior portion of the aircraft involved

All firefighters responding to potential or existing IDLH situations must be dressed in full PPE, to include SCBA All firefighters working inside an IDLH must operate in teams of at least two fire fighters Firefighters in each team must maintain voice or visual contact with each other while operating in the IDLH Using radios as the sole means of contact between members of a team is not permissible

Two fire fighters in full PPE must be assigned outside the IDLH to serve as a rapid intervention team, prepared to rescue fire fighters, if necessary. They cannot effect a rescue without Incident Commander approval A driver/operator may be used to comply with this requirement during initial response. Once a second team enters the IDLH, it is considered a full response, and a Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) shall be assigned outside the IDLH

Deviations from this SOP may only be made during a situation with a known life-hazard (not including standard search and rescue activities) Rescue Situation: A known rescue situation is one where there is a compelling factor beyond a reasonable doubt to start an interior rescue before all required firefighters have arrived on scene

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 23 High and Low Angle Rescue

Initial response requires a minimum of three High and/or Low Angle trained firefighters A team leader and Safety Officer will be designated by the SFO

Initial response equipment includes a rescue rope pack, a safety rope pack, a stokes backpack, and two portable radios Only approved rope rescue equipment will be used Minimum PPE: Helmet, leather gloves, safety-toed footwear, and safety glasses

Prior to any operation, qualified firefighters must conduct a safety check of the system Back up safety system shall always be in place before beginning any operation Automatic belay systems must be used Firefighters working near any ledge will be tied off When vehicles are used as anchors, vehicle will be chocked, and the keys removed or the ignition taped

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 24 Radio Discipline

All transmissions will be in plain text Microphones and headsets will be stored in their cradles when not in use Transmissions should be short and to the point All fire frequencies are assumed to be monitored by others No classified information will be transmitted on fire frequencies Radio checks need only be accomplished after maintenance or when transmission capability is in question The term Emergency Traffic will be used to clear the fire net of all other radio transmissions when a fire fighters life is threatened at the fire scene Tactical frequencies may be used to segregate incidents when more than one emergency is in progress

Radio Terminology for Triage It is the Fire Departments responsibility to maintain patient/victim dignity on the radio The Fire Department will use DIM codes to identify status of patients: D = Dead I = Injured M = Missing

The radio transmission for 1 Dead, 7 Injured and 0 Missing will be transmitted as such: Command, Engine-8. DIM report is 1-7-0.

Radio Terminology for Civil Disturbance/Domestic Violence (Refer to SOP #31) If a fire fighter is in danger, the code word to use on the radio is Mother. Without alerting the aggressor, the fire fighter in trouble shall find a way to put our code word over the radio

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 25 Helicopter Landing and Safety Considerations

Note: Refer to AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 26 for guidelines when requesting Flight for Life Minimum 60 x 60 feet square landing area (Optimum is 80 x 80) Larger area may be required for a Blackhawk or Chinook helicopter

Area should be reasonably level with a slope not greater than 10 degrees Area should be free of loose debris, litter or other objects Order of preference for landing sites: Concrete, grass, asphalt, gravel, slick rock, snow, dirt Provide wind direction and speed Use banner tape on a pole (or hold overhead) to indicate wind direction

Once the helicopter lands, do not approach it while the blades are turning unless the pilot acknowledges your presence and signals that you may approach NEVER approach from the tail; Approach from the front or side but ONLY with permission from the pilot Approach and leave the helicopter in full view On sloping terrain, approach/depart helicopter in area of greatest clearance under the rotors Keep well clear of landing area when helicopter is landing or taking off DO NOT RAISE ARMS ABOVE HEAD when approaching/departing helicopter with the blades turning (IV poles, etc.) DO NOT THROW OR JAM equipment into or out of the helicopter Load and secure patient and equipment as the crew instructs you to do so DO NOT SLAM DOORS. The crew will close the doors if you are not familiar with them

Sep-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 26 Flight for Life Protocols

Guidelines for requesting the air-medical ambulance depend on a variety of factors including distance from the hospital, location and number of trauma and heart centers, certification level of pre- hospital care, ground accessibility, and terrain:

Anatomic Factors Severe penetrating trauma to the head, neck, torso with shock Major amputation above the ankle or wrist Major burns associated with trauma Paralysis Acute airway obstruction or respiratory system compromise Medical Conditions (One or more conditions under Situational Factors must also be present) Shock Unconscious or decreasing level of consciousness Exposure to deadly chemicals or toxins Hypothermia Drowning Electrocution Situational Factors Prolonged extrication time: 20 + minutes Increased ground transport time due to snow, ice, construction, gridlock, etc. Rural or isolated areas Need for specialized equipment and/or personnel at a disaster scene

Mechanism of Injury High energy dissipation rapid deceleration Passenger space invaded by 12 or more Ejection Death of another passenger Deformity of a contact point (steering wheel) Multiple injured passengers Falls from 15 feet or more (consider the surface, was fall broken) Child under 12 struck by motor vehicle Trauma score of 12 or less Glascow Coma Score of 10 or less Levels of Response Standby: Aircrew moves to aircraft and prepares to launch Rapid Response: Aircraft launches and orbits the scene. Will not land until requested Immediate Go (Launch): The aircraft launches and responds to the scene

Sep-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 27 Environmental Compliance

All waste materials, to include petroleum products, solvents, and contaminated rags will be disposed of in an approved container. Vehicles will be washed in areas where all water run off flows into an oil/water separator. Whenever AFFF is to be released above the mixture of 3 gallons of AFFF to 100 gallons of water it must be reported to CE Environmental (CEV). This includes intentional, incidental and accidental releases. During emergency operations it will be necessary to estimate total release of AFFF. This amount will be reported to CEV after the emergency is terminated. For ground releases allow controlled discharge of AFFF into sanitary sewer system through the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) after plant notification and coordination to prevent adverse impacts on WWTP effectiveness. When AFFF is used at locations remote from a WWTP detain AFFF to prevent drainage into water bodies until acceptable and authorized treatment and/or disposal can be conducted. Hazardous materials will be kept in a container approved for that particular material. All containers must be properly labeled; any container not labeled will be turned in as hazardous waste. Material safety data sheets (MSDS) will be kept in the perspective MSDS book in the work area to which the material is used. Turn in all hazardous waste materials to the Accumulation Site. Hazardous waste must be properly labeled prior to turn in.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 28 Petroleum Oil and Lubricant (POL) Tank Fire
At no time will fire attacks be conducted from downhill or down wind positions. Assess the tanks structural condition to ensure no immediate danger of shell collapse or failure is present. Maintain the structural integrity of the tank shell with cooling agents. Extinguish ground fires and three-dimensional fires first. Assign an Incident Safety Officer for each operational sector. Establish react teams operating portable monitors and hoselines ready to protect firefighters operating near the tank. Extended fire fighting operations could produce a significant buildup of water in diked areas. Such buildup can be reduced using pumps or fixed drains in the dike wall. Stagger relief companies to allow for operations/attack continuity. Isolate hazards if possible and determined available resources. Use dry-chemical followed by foam securing streams to extinguish three-dimensional fires. Solely applying foam to a manifold fire usually is not effective. If foam is not available, protect exposures, apply cooling streams above the product line, and consider transfer of product. Once the fire is extinguished, ensure the source of fuel is shutoff. Control flowing fuel by damming, diking or diverting. Example agent requirements for extinguishing POL tank fires: Diameter 73.3 43.5 Fuel (Gals) 1,320,000 420,000 AFFF Required (per min/per 65 min) 20 gal / 1315 gal 7 gal / 463 gal Water Required (per min/per 65 min) 1962 gal / 127,555 gal 776 gal /44,911 gal

Contents JP-8 JP-8

NOTE: The AFFF quantities are determined by using the following formula: Diameter squared X .785 X .16 (for portable device such as trucks and monitor devices) X .03 (3% AFFF X 65 mins). To calculate the total water requirements you multiply the sum total of your finish foam by 97. For total agent requirement you add the sum of the AFFF and water.

Mar-99

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 29 Dive Rescue and Recovery

The minimum response to any dive rescue situation will involve three dive team members and two support members trained in shore-based operations. One of the dive team members will assume the position of team leader and will not dive unless needed. Mode of dive will also be determined by time factor submersion of victim and water temperature. (Rescue vs. Recovery) The minimum equipment response will be for each diver: wet suit, set of fins, set of booties, mask, hood, pair of gloves, BC, regulator assembly, 2 tanks, and a light. In addition, search lines, buoys, tarps and weight box are required. Dive Team Leader: Reports to Incident Commander and is solely responsible for dive team members actions, safety and planning of the dive. Will not dive unless absolutely necessary.

Diver: Don appropriate dive suit and direct/assist shore personnel in staging of equipment. Will buddy with at least one other diver/line tender and perform an equipment check. Will perform dive as planned and directed by Dive Team Leader. If victim/item is found, will act accordingly with dive plan and type of dive condition. (Rescue/Recovery) Has the responsibility to acquire time of dive/air consumption from their dive tender.

Safety Diver: Must remain alert to the scenario and capable of instantly responding with direction from a tenders signal or divers call for help. Position will be determined by the number of divers he/she is to provide coverage for. Will be fully suited to include fins, and should be immediately adjacent to the water.

Tender: This position should be staffed by members who have had prior training in dive tending and have worked with the dive team. The tender is to be positioned as directed by the Dive Team Leader and the search diver to ensure that the pattern and area are those prescribed to cover based upon information. In the event of a diver signaling a find, the tender should tie a double figure 8 to mark the distance on the line for future investigation. Responsible for ensuring that the search diver does not exceed the planned time of dive as outlined from the Dive Team Leader.
Mar-00

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 30 Medical Responses

The Senior Fire Official to medical emergencies is responsible for overall scene control. This responsibility includes safety, providing optimum route/victim(s) location to ambulance units, vehicle positioning, crowd control, and rehabilitation of all responders Firefighters will initiate medical care within the scope of their abilities Firefighters will ensure that a safe environment is established for ambulance personnel to work in All responders shall wear the appropriate level of infection control protection Use of nitrile gloves is mandatory

Upon arrival of ambulance personnel, fire fighters will assume a support role At least one AFAFD representative will remain on scene until a mutual agreement with ambulance personnel is reached on the need for continued support In the event that fire department and ambulance personnel disagree on patient care, ambulance personnel shall act in the best interest of the patient Documentation of Medical Responses: All medical responses will be documented on the AFAFD Medical Response Sheet, carried on each apparatus The original form will be given to the ambulance crew upon their arrival; the copy will be sent to the administration office for filing within one duty day after it is completed Medical Response Sheets will be maintained in the administrative office for 12 months

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 31 Civil and Family Disturbances

The Security Forces (SF) are the lead agency in the control of these situations The Senior Fire Official (SFO) will work within the incident command system and communicate with SF to ensure the safety of all fire department members Turn off lights/sirens several blocks from the scene Do not park directly in front of the building Do not enter the area until SF has declared the incident area secure Even after the scene is considered secure: Crew members must work in teams of two; be cognizant of weapons in the area Stand at a partial right angle out of arms reach Dont stand against a wall Dont fold your arms (indicates you are making a judgment) Dont put your hands in your pocket (shows lack of concern) Use physical barriers between yourself and any violence

If violence occurs during our operations, the SFO will withdraw all fire companies to a safe staging area If a fire fighter is in danger, the code word to use on the radio is Mother. Without alerting the aggressor, the fire fighter in trouble shall find a way to put the code word over the radio In the event emergency withdrawal of fire companies is required due to imminent danger, utilize the Hi-Lo siren on the apparatus to signify the withdrawal All fire protection assets will stage at least two blocks away and await further instructions from the SFO

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 32 Jacks Valley Fire Station Operations

The Jacks Valley Fire Station will be staffed 24 hours a day by two firefighters during Basic Cadet Training (BCT) Prior to BCT, validate that the following equipment is in place at the Jacks Valley fire station: o o o o o o o o o Refrigerator TV/VCR with antenna Computer/Printer Sleeping bags/linen Microwave BBQ grill Portable radio with spare battery and charging unit Sun block/insect repellant Hydrant and area map of Jacks Valley

Assigned firefighters will report directly to the Jacks Valley Fire Station for 0730 hours shift change A brush truck will be used for fire protection PPE will consist of structural and wildland gear, and Self Contained Breathing Apparatus Medical gear shall be sufficient to provide basic life support The Fire Net will be monitored 24 hours a day; dispatch will be notified of all vehicle movements The Jacks Valley firefighters will respond to any report of fire or emergency in Jacks Valley If a burning tent is not of hardback construction, all ropes will be cut prior to fire attack

Jan-04

Standard Operating Procedure 33 Responses to Rough and Difficult to Reach Terrain/AICUZ

For safety reasons, incidents occurring in rough or difficult-to-reach areas will not be approached with the 2-wheel drive fire engines. Only the ARFF vehicle and the brush trucks may be used to respond to these areas

AICUZ incidents: Air Force studies have concluded that 75 percent of aircraft accidents occurred on or adjacent to the runway and in a corridor 3,000 feet wide, extending from the runway threshold alo ng the extended runway centerline for a distance of 15,000 feet The following zones have been established based on expected crash patterns: Clear Zone. This zone starts at the end of the runway and extends outward 3,000 feet. It has the highest accident potential of the three zones. Aircraft Potential Zone I (APZ I). This zone extends from the clear zone an additional 5,000 feet. APZ II. This zone extends from APZ I an additional 7,000 feet. Response to aircraft incidents in the AICUZ: First Alarm ARFF vehicle, Engine, SFO and support equipment as directed by the SFO. All remaining vehicles and crews standby Second Alarm - all remaining vehicles and crews as directed by the SFO The SFO will direct the 911 center operator to initiate a recall of all military firefighters, if additional manpower is needed The SFO is in command of the crash site during all fire suppression and rescue operations During firefighting operations, care will be taken to ensure that wreckage is preserved in an as fo und condition insofar as possible without compromising firefighting and rescue efforts A firefighting vehicle and crew will be provided during crash recovery operations

Jun-02

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 34 Response to Weapons of Mass Destruction

Suspicious package An explosive ordinance disposal (EOD) incident and must be reported to and investigated by Security Forces and EOD personnel with Security Forces having incident command Unknown Substance (e.g., powder, liquid, aerosol, etc.) Follow the procedures for a hazardous materials release with the fire department providing incident command. Emergency responders, in both situations, must consider the possibility of a terrorist threat (or multiple threats) and take the necessary precautions. Initial response requires a minimum of one engine company and a senior fire official to any unknown or suspicious substance or any situation size-up that indicates a possible WMD. After all hostile force/terrorist activity has been neutralized by SF, assume command of on-scene operations and perform On-Scene Commander (OSC) duties until the arrival of the designated OSC. Initial response will focus on worse-case scenarios and be downgraded as information is obtained and evaluated. Determine the initial cordon size based on the type and quantity of material involved at the incident. Evacuation or sheltering in place will be addresses as soon as possible based on information available during initial size-up. USAF Guidance: For WMD Terrorist Incident of unknown type, default to 2000 minimum cordon distance.

Activation of the DCG will be accomplished if issues concerning life safety, current threat level, and critical infrastructures are at risk, or when the Senior Fire Official requests activation. Prior to sampling, containment, or confinement of an unknown substance, appropriate decontamination, medical, and rehabilitation resources will be in place. Recognized hazardous materials entry team protocols will be adhered to including recognition, identification, control/containment, and rapid intervention team protocols.

Jan-04

AFAFD Standard Operating Procedure 35 Live Fire Training

This procedure applies to the training of fire fighters under live fire conditions and focuses on training for coordinated interior and exterior fire suppression operations while maintaining a minimum exposure to risk for the participants. The instructor in charge shall: Be at least a Fire Officer II. . Be the Incident Commander and utilize the incident command system. Assign one instructor to each functional crew, not to exceed five students , to include backup lines, safety officer, and ensure there is an EMT on-scene. The safety officer will: Have no other responsibilities during the training operations. Ensure the safety of all personnel involved in the operation to include any visitors and spectators. Shall have the authority, to stop and control any part of the operation when a potentially dangerous situation exists. Structure The facility shall be visually inspected for: o Damage, including the fire resistance panels and structural integrity o Serviceability of doors, widows, thermometers, lighting, and standpipes Fuel

Hay bales and wooden pallets shall be the only sources of ignition. Training temperatures are not to exceed 500 degrees F. All fires must be constructed a minimum of 12 inches from the floor and the walls of the room.

Live Fire Evolution A pre-burn plan shall be prepared and shall be utilized during the pre-burn briefing sessions. All features of the training areas and structure shall be indicated on the plan. All participants shall have knowledge of and familiarity with the layout of the building in order to facilitate any necessary evacuation of the building. The Hi-Lo siren on engines will designate immediate withdrawal to safety zones. A method of fireground communications shall be established to enable coordination among the Incident Commander, the interior and exterior sectors, the safety officer, and external requests for assistance. An attack line and one backup line are necessary. Each hose line shall be capable of delivering a minimum of 95 GPM. After the live fire evolution, overhaul and a critique shall be accomplished and the burn room will be cleaned up.

Jan-04